ð äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ã€ã³ããïŒã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ãæŽãçå®ãšå¹žçŠã®æž¬ãæ¹ ð€ #äº02
ð äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ã€ã³ããïŒã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ãæŽãçå®ãšå¹žçŠã®æž¬ãæ¹ ð€ #幞çŠåºŠ #ã©ã³ãã³ã° #ã€ã·ã£ã¢ã³ã¯ #ããŒã¿åæ #ã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒ
ïœãã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãæ¬åœã«ã幞çŠãã衚ããŠããŸããïŒïœ
ç®æ¬¡ ð
- åºæïŒãªããã®èšäºãæžããã®ã
- ã¯ããã«ïŒãã®èšäºã®èŠçŽ
- 次ã«ïŒãªããã®ã幞çŠåºŠãã®åãçŽããå¿ èŠãªã®ã
- ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ã«ããæ¹å€ã®æ žå¿
- ã©ã³ãã³ã°æ¹æ³è«ãžã®æ·±ãçå
- ã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯çå®ãäŒããŠãããïŒ ð°
- äžçãžã®åœ±é¿ãšæèšïŒã©ã³ãã³ã°ãè¶ ããŠ
- æ¥æ¬ãžã®åœ±é¿ãšæèšïŒç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®ã幞çŠããèŠã€ãã
- çåãšå€è§çèŠç¹ïŒå¹žçŠã¯æž¬ããã®ãïŒ ð€
- ãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒæµ·å€ç·šïŒïŒã©ã³ãã³ã°ä¿¡è vs æçè«è ð£ïž
- çµè«ïŒå¹žçŠã®è¿·å®®ãšæªæ¥ãžã®çŸ éç€ ð§
- åèæç® ð
- çšèªçŽ¢åŒïŒã¢ã«ãã¡ãããé ïŒ
- è£è¶³1ïŒçšèªè§£èª¬
- è£è¶³2ïŒæœåšçèªè ã®ããã«
- è£è¶³3ïŒæ³å®åçïŒåŠäŒçºè¡šé¢šïŒ
- è£è¶³4ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒ2ch/ã¯ãŠã/ãã³å颚ïŒãšåè«
- è£è¶³5ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒãªãJæ°é¢šïŒãšãã¡ããã
- è£è¶³6ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒã¬ã«ã¡ãã/ãžã¢ãã£ãŒæ°é¢šïŒãšåè«
- è£è¶³7ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒã€ãã³ã¡/ã³ã¡ã³ããã©ã¹é¢šïŒãšåè«
- è£è¶³9ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒTiktok/ãã€ãã§ã/çãµã€æ°é¢šïŒãšåè«
- è£è¶³10ïŒæšèŠå³æž
- è£è¶³11ïŒäžæ¹æŒ«æã幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã£ãŠãã»ããŸãããªïŒã
- è£è¶³12ïŒäžäººããªããã³ãã幞çŠåºŠã枬ã£ãŠã¿ããã©âŠã
- è£è¶³13ïŒå€§åå©ããããªäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯å«ã ïŒã
- è£è¶³14ïŒSFã·ã§ãŒãã·ã§ãŒããå¹žçŠæž¬å®ç€ŸäŒã
- è£è¶³15ïŒæ±æžèœèªã幞äžå¹žé·å±ïŒãããããµãããããªããïŒã
- è£è¶³16ïŒè±èªåŠç¿è ã®ããã®åèªåž³
åºæïŒãªããã®èšäºãæžããã®ã
ããã«ã¡ã¯ïŒãã®èšäºãæžããŠããçè
ã§ããâïž
æ¯å¹Žæ¥ã«ãªããšçºè¡šããããäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãããã£ã³ã©ã³ããé£ç¶1äœïŒãªããŠãã¥ãŒã¹ãèŠãŠãããžãã忬§ã£ãŠå¹žããªãã ãªãããšæŒ ç¶ãšæã£ãŠããæ¹ãå€ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããïŒ çè
ããã®äžäººã§ããã
ããããããæ¥ãæ¿æ²»åŠè ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®ãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ããã ã®ã€ã³ããã (The World Happiness Report Is a Sham)ããšããåºæ¿çãªã¿ã€ãã«ã®èšäºãç®ã«ããŸãããããã£ããã®æåãªã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã€ã³ããïŒããšè¡æãåãã詳ãã調ã¹ãŠã¿ãããšã«ããã®ã§ããð€
調ã¹ãŠãããã¡ã«ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®ææããåé¡ç¹ââã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®æ¹æ³è«ãç¹ã«ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒããšãã質åãžã®äŸåã忬§è«žåœã®é«ã幞çŠåºŠãšç²Ÿç¥è¡çææšãšã®éã®ççŸããããŠã¡ãã£ã¢ã«ããç¡æ¹å€ãªå ±éââããåãªãæ¶æž¬ã§ã¯ãªããå ·äœçãªç ç©¶ãããŒã¿ã«åºã¥ããŠããããšãããã£ãŠããŸããã
ãã®èšäºã¯ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ããã£ããã«ãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®å®æ ãšãããããã幞çŠããšã¯äœããã©ã枬ãã¹ããªã®ãïŒãšããæ ¹æºçãªåãã«ã€ããŠãèªè ã®çãããšäžç·ã«èããŠã¿ãããšæããçãåããŸãããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®æ°åã ããéµåã¿ã«ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããã®èæ¯ã«ãããã®ããããŠç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®å¹žçŠã«ã€ããŠãå°ãç«ã¡æ¢ãŸã£ãŠèãããã£ããã«ãªãã°å¹žãã§ããð
ãã®èšäºã§ã¯ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®äž»åŒµãäžå¯§ã«è§£èª¬ããé¢é£ããç ç©¶ãããŒã¿ã瀺ããªãããå€è§çãªèŠç¹ãæäŸããããšãç®æããŸããå°éçšèªãåºãŠããŸãããã§ããã ãåããããã解説ããŸãã®ã§ããã²æåŸãŸã§ãä»ãåããã ãããð
ã³ã©ã ïŒã©ã³ãã³ã°å¥œãã®ç§ãã¡â
ã©ãŒã¡ã³ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãæž©æ³ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãäœã¿ããè¡ã©ã³ãã³ã°âŠ ç§ãã¡ã£ãŠãæ¬åœã«ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã奜ãã§ãããïŒð ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ç©äºãåãããããèŠããŠããã䟿å©ãªããŒã«ã§ãããæã ããã®ãåãããããããè€éãªçŸå®ãé ããŠããŸãããšãã幞çŠåºŠãªããŠãç¹ã«ãããããããŸããããä»åã®èšäºããæ°åã®è£åŽãèŠãç®ãé€ãäžå©ãšãªãã°å¬ããã§ãã
ã¯ããã«ïŒãã®èšäºã®èŠçŽ ð
ãã®èšäºã§ã¯ãæ¿æ²»åŠè ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãæèµ·ããäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ïŒWorld Happiness Report, WHRïŒã«å¯Ÿããæ¹å€ãæ·±æãããŸããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã¯ããã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã幞çŠåºŠãã§ã¯ãªããç¹å®ã®è³ªåïŒã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒïŒã«äŸåãããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠããæž¬ã£ãŠããããããå¯ã瀟äŒçå°äœã«åã£ãŠãããšäž»åŒµããŠããŸããç¹ã«ãã©ã³ãã³ã°äžäœåžžé£ã®ã¹ã«ã³ãžããã¢è«žåœïŒãã£ã³ã©ã³ãããã³ããŒã¯ãªã©ïŒã§èŠãããé«ãèªæ®ºçãæãã€è¬äœ¿çšçãšã®ççŸãææããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ã«çåãæããããŠããŸãã
ããã«ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã¯ã代æ¿çãªå¹žçŠåºŠæž¬å®æ³ãçšããç ç©¶ïŒäŸïŒBlanchflower & BrysonïŒã§ã¯å šãç°ãªãçµæãåºãããšã瀺ããçŸåšã®WHRãæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ãå«ãã§ããå¯èœæ§ã瀺åããŸãããŸãããã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ã»ã¿ã€ã ãºãAPéä¿¡ãªã©ã®å€§æã¡ãã£ã¢ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ãç¡æ¹å€ã«å ±éãã誀解ãåºããŠããããšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ±ãã§ãããšãæ¹å€ããŠããŸãããã®èšäºãéããŠãWHRã®æ¹æ³è«çåé¡ãæåçåŽé¢ãã¡ãã£ã¢ã®åœ¹å²ãæ€èšŒããã幞çŠããæž¬ãããšã®é£ãããšéèŠæ§ã«ã€ããŠèå¯ããŸããð§
ã³ã©ã ïŒããããã幞çŠãã£ãŠïŒ âïž
ãããªãã«ãšã£ãŠå¹žçŠãšã¯äœã§ããïŒããšèãããããããã«çããããŸããïŒ çŸå³ãããã®ãé£ã¹ãããšïŒ 奜ããªäººãšéããæéïŒ ä»äºã®éææïŒ ãããšããéããªæéïŒ äººãããããæåã«ãã£ãŠãéãã幞çŠãããããäžã€ã®ç©å·®ãã§æž¬ãããšããããšèªäœã«ãããããããç¡çãããã®ãããããŸããããð€
次ã«ïŒãªããã®ã幞çŠåºŠãã®åãçŽããå¿ èŠãªã®ã ð±
äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ãåãªãè峿·±ãããŒã¿ãšããã ãã§ãªããååœã®æ¿ç決å®ãåœéçãªã€ã¡ãŒãžåœ¢æã«ã圱é¿ãäžãããååšã§ããã幞çŠãªåœããšããã¬ããã«ã¯ã芳å èªèŽãæè³ã人æç²åŸã«ãç¹ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããéã«ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ãäœãåœã¯ãåœæ°ã®å£«æ°äœäžããã¬ãã£ããªã€ã¡ãŒãžãæããããããããŸãããð
ããããã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®èšãããã«ãã€ã³ãããã§ãã£ãããå°ãªããšãéå€§ãªæ¬ é¥ãæ±ããŠãããšããããã©ãã§ããããïŒ èª€ã£ãææšã«åºã¥ããŠæ¿çãäœããããã宿 ãšã¯ç°ãªãåœã®ã€ã¡ãŒãžãåºãŸã£ããããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããäŸãã°ãã幞çŠãªåœããšãããåœã ã®æ¿çãå®æã«æš¡å£ããŠããæåçèæ¯ãç€ŸäŒæ§é ãç°ãªãã°ãæåŸ ãã广ã¯åŸãããªããããããŸãããðž
ããã«ãã¡ãã£ã¢ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ãéµåã¿ã«ããŠå ±éããããšã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯ç¥ããç¥ããã®ãã¡ã«åã£ãèŠæ¹ãæ€ãä»ããããŠãããããããŸãããã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒïŒæ å ±ãæ¹å€çã«èªã¿è§£ãåïŒã®èгç¹ããããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®æ ¹æ ãéçãçè§£ããããšã¯éåžžã«éèŠã§ãã
ãããã£ãŠãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®æ¹æ³è«ãçµæãæ¹å€çã«æ€èšããã幞çŠããšã¯äœãããããã©ã枬ãã¹ãããåãçŽãããšã¯ãããè¯ãç€ŸäŒæ¿çãèããåœéçè§£ãæ·±ãããããŠç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®å¹žçŠèгãèŠã€ãçŽãäžã§ãä»ãŸãã«å¿ èŠãšãããŠããã®ã§ããâš
ã³ã©ã ïŒæ°åã®éå âš
ãããŒã¿ã¯åãã€ããªãããšèšããŸãããããŒã¿ã®èŠãæ¹ãè§£éã«ãã£ãŠã¯ãå šãéãçµè«ãå°ãåºãããããšããããŸããããð ç¹ã«ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®ããã«é äœä»ãããããšãã©ãããŠãäžäœãè¯ããã®ãäžäœãæªããã®ããšåçŽã«æããã¡ã§ããæ°åã®æã€èª¬åŸåãããã°ãéåãã«æããããããã®èæ¯ãèããçãã€ããããã®ã§ãããð§ââïž
ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ã«ããæ¹å€ã®æ žå¿ ð¯
ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ã®äžå¿ã«ããã®ã¯ãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ïŒWHRïŒãããã®åã®éãã幞çŠããæ£ç¢ºã«æž¬å®ããŠããªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããããšããæ ¹æ¬çãªçåã§ãã圌ã®äž»åŒµã¯ãäž»ã«äºã€ã®å€§ããªãã€ã³ãã«éçŽãããŸãã
åé¡ç¹1ïŒå¹žçŠã§ã¯ãªããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠãïŒ - ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®çœ ðª
WHRã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ãäž»ã«ã®ã£ã©ãã瀟ãè¡ãäžçäžè«èª¿æ»ã®äžã®ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒïŒCantril LadderïŒããšãã質åãžã®åçã«åºã¥ããŠããŸãããã®è³ªåã¯ã以äžã®ãããªãã®ã§ãã
ã0ãã10ã®æ®µéãããã¯ãããæ³åããŠãã ãããäžçªäžã®10ãããªãã«ãšã£ãŠå¯èœãªæè¯ã®äººçã衚ããäžçªäžã®0ãããªãã«ãšã£ãŠå¯èœãªææªã®äººçã衚ããšããŸããããªãã¯çŸåšãå人çã«ãã¯ããã®ã©ã®æ®µã«ãããšæããŸããïŒã
ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã«ããã°ããã®è³ªåã¯äººã ã«èªåã®äººçã客芳çã«è©äŸ¡ããã瀟äŒçå°äœãå¯ãšãã£ãå€é¢çãªæåãæèãããåŸåãããããšã®ããšã§ããã€ãŸããç¬éçãªåã³ã楜ãã¿ã粟ç¥çãªå è¶³æãšãã£ããç§ãã¡ãäžè¬çã«ãå¹žçŠæããšããŠã€ã¡ãŒãžãããã®ãšã¯å°ãéãããçæŽ»ãžã®æºè¶³åºŠããã人çã®è©äŸ¡ããæž¬ã£ãŠããã®ã§ã¯ãªããããšææããŠããŸããð€·ââïž
ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®è©³çްãšNilssonãã®ç ç©¶
ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã¯ãå¿çåŠè ãããªãŒã»ã«ã³ããªã«ã«ãã£ãŠ1965幎ã«éçºããã䞻芳ç幞çŠåºŠã枬ãããã®å°ºåºŠã§ããã·ã³ãã«ã§æ¯èŒå¯èœãªããŒã¿ãåŸãããåé¢ããã®è§£éã«ã¯æ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ãã
August Nilssonãã«ãã2024幎ã®ç ç©¶ (The Cantril Ladder: A flawed measure of life satisfaction) ã§ã¯ãè±åœã®æäºº1581人ã察象ã«å®éšãè¡ããŸããããã®çµæãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®è³ªå圢åŒïŒã¯ããã®ã€ã¡ãŒãžïŒã¯ãããã§ãªã圢åŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠãåçè ããã¯ããã®é ç¹ããæš©åãå¯ãšé¢é£ä»ããŠèããå²åãææã«é«ãããšïŒ17.3% vs 6.0%æžïŒããããŠãåçè ãèªåã«æãŸãããšããçæŽ»ã¬ãã«ã®è©äŸ¡ïŒã¯ããã®æ®µæ°ïŒãäœããªãåŸåïŒ8.39 vs 8.87ïŒãããããšã瀺ãããŸãããç ç©¶è ãã¯ããã®å°ºåºŠã瀟äŒçå°äœãšã®çžé¢ã匷ãïŒÎ²=0.54ïŒäžæ¹ã§ã幞çŠã調åãšãã£ãããåºç¯ãªå¹žçŠæŠå¿µãæããã«ã¯äžåãã§ããå¯èœæ§ãçµè«ä»ããŠããŸãã
ã€ãŸããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã§é«åŸç¹ãåãããšã¯ããèªåã¯ç€ŸäŒçã«æåããŠããããšããè©äŸ¡ã«è¿ãã®ãããããŸããããð€
åé¡ç¹2ïŒå欧ã®ççŸ - ã©ã³ãã³ã°äžäœåœãšç²Ÿç¥è¡çææšã®ã®ã£ãã âïžð
WHRã§åžžã«äžäœãå ãããã£ã³ã©ã³ãããã³ããŒã¯ãã¢ã€ã¹ã©ã³ããã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ãšãã£ãã¹ã«ã³ãžããã¢è«žåœããããã®åœã ã¯ãé«ãçæŽ»æ°Žæºãå å®ãã瀟äŒä¿éã§ç¥ãããŠããŸããããããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã¯ããããã®åœã ã«ããã粟ç¥è¡çã«é¢ããããã€ãã®ææšããå¿ ãããã幞çŠããšã¯èšããªãç¶æ³ã瀺ããŠããç¹ãææããŸãã
äŸãã°ã
- èªæ®ºçïŒ ãã£ã³ã©ã³ããã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã¯ãEU諞åœã®äžã§ãæ¯èŒçèªæ®ºçãé«ãã°ã«ãŒãã«å±ããããšããããŸããïŒããŒã¿ã¯å¹Žã«ãã£ãŠå€åããŸãïŒ
èªæ®ºçã«é¢ããããŒã¿äŸ (2021幎, WHO/Wikipediaãã)
以äžã®ããŒã¿ã¯äººå£10äžäººãããã®èªæ®ºçã§ããæ¯èŒå¯Ÿè±¡ãšããŠä»ã®åœãèšèŒããŸãããã ããèªæ®ºçã¯å€ãã®èŠå ã絡ãè€éãªåé¡ã§ããããã®æ°åã ãã§åœã®å¹žçŠåºŠã倿ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
- ãã£ã³ã©ã³ã: 14.6
- ã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³: 13.8
- ãã³ããŒã¯: 10.1
- ã¢ã€ã¹ã©ã³ã: 13.3
- æ¥æ¬: 15.7
- éåœ: 26.0
- ã¢ã¡ãªã«: 14.1
- ã€ã®ãªã¹: 7.9
ïŒåºå ž: Wikipedia - List of countries by suicide rateãåç §ããŒã¿æºã¯äž»ã«WHOïŒ
泚æç¹ïŒ èªæ®ºçã®é«ããå¿ ããããäžå¹žããšçŽçµããããã§ã¯ãããŸããã粟ç¥çŸæ£ãžã®çè§£ãé²ã¿ãçµ±èšãæ£ç¢ºã«åãããŠããããããã¯å©ããæ±ããããšãžã®æµæãå°ãªãæåãªã©ã圱é¿ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
- æãã€è¬ã®äœ¿çšçïŒ åæ¬§è«žåœã®äžã«ã¯ãæãã€è¬ã®æ¶è²»éãå€ãåœããããŸãããããã粟ç¥çãªåé¡ãæ±ãã人ãå€ãå¯èœæ§ã瀺åããäžæ¹ã§ã粟ç¥å»çãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãè¯ãããšã®è¡šããšãè§£éã§ããŸããð
ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã¯ããããã®ææšãšWHRã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°çµæãšã®éã«ã®ã£ãããããããšãåé¡èŠããŸããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã§æž¬ãããã人çã®è©äŸ¡ãã¯é«ããŠããæ¥ã ã®ææ çãªå¹žçŠæã粟ç¥çãªå¥åº·ç¶æ ã¯ãå¿ ãããæé«ã¬ãã«ã§ã¯ãªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããïŒãšããããã§ãããã®ççŸã¯ãWHRãã幞çŠãã®äžåŽé¢ããæããŠããªãå¯èœæ§ã瀺åããŠããŸããð€
ã³ã©ã ïŒå ãšåœ± âšð
ã©ããªã«çŽ æŽããã瀟äŒã·ã¹ãã ãæã€åœã§ããããã«äœã人ã ãçãåžžã«å¹žããæããŠããããã§ã¯ãªãã®ãããããŸãããã瀟äŒçãªæåãå®å®ïŒå ã®éšåïŒãšãå人ã®å é¢çãªèŠæ©ïŒåœ±ã®éšåïŒã¯ãå¿ ãããäžèŽããªãã忬§è«žåœã®äŸã¯ããã®è€éããç§ãã¡ã«æããŠãããŠããããã§ããð
ã©ã³ãã³ã°æ¹æ³è«ãžã®æ·±ãçå ð€â
ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ã¯ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒãžã®äŸåã忬§ã®ççŸã ãã«çãŸããŸãããWHRã®æ¹æ³è«å šäœã«å¯ŸããŠãããæ ¹æ¬çãªçåãæããããŠããŸãã
æåçãã€ã¢ã¹ã¯ååšããã®ãïŒ ð
ã幞çŠãã®æãæ¹ãå®çŸ©ã¯ãæåã«ãã£ãŠå€§ããç°ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããäŸãã°ã欧米æåã§ã¯å人ã®éææãèªå·±è¡šçŸãéèŠãããåŸåãããã®ã«å¯Ÿããæ±ã¢ãžã¢æåã§ã¯ç€ŸäŒçãªèª¿åãä»è ãšã®é¢ä¿æ§ãéèŠãããããšããããŸããð€
ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãä»ã®ç ç©¶è ãææããããã«ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®ãããªã人çã®è©äŸ¡ããåã質åã¯ãå人䞻矩çãªäŸ¡å€èгã匷ãæååã®äººã ã«ãšã£ãŠçãããããé«ãã¹ã³ã¢ãåºãããã®ã§ã¯ãªããããšããæžå¿µããããŸããéã«ãéå£ã®èª¿åãéãããæååã§ã¯ãå人çãªæåã声é«ã«äž»åŒµããããšã«ããããããã£ããã幞çŠã®åºæºãç°ãªã£ãããããããã¹ã³ã¢ãäœãåºãå¯èœæ§ãèããããŸãã
æåçãã€ã¢ã¹ã«é¢ããè°è«
Greater Good Science Centerã®èšäº (Are World Happiness Rankings Culturally Biased?) ã§ã¯ãWHRã西æŽçãªå¹žçŠèгïŒç¹ã«å人ã®èªç±ãèªå·±å®çŸïŒã«åã£ãŠããå¯èœæ§ãææããŠããŸããäŸãã°ãã©ãã³ã¢ã¡ãªã«è«žåœã¯ãçµæžææšãªã©ã§ã¯ä»ã®å°åããäœãã«ããããããããã°ãã°é«ã幞çŠåºŠã瀺ãããšããããŸããããã¯ãå®¶æãã³ãã¥ããã£ãšã®åŒ·ãç¹ãããšãã£ããWHRã®äž»èŠãªå€æ°ã§ã¯æããããªãèŠçŽ ãå¹žçŠæã«å¯äžããŠããå¯èœæ§ã瀺åããŠããŸããððº
ãŸããLund Universityã®èšäº (World Happiness Report: Why we might be measuring happiness wrong) ã§ããNilssonãã®ç ç©¶ãåŒçšãã€ã€ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒãæš©åãå¯ãšãã£ãç¹å®ã®äŸ¡å€èгã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŠããŸãåé¡ãææããæåçãªå¹žçŠæŠå¿µã®å€æ§æ§ãèæ ®ããå¿ èŠæ§ã蚎ããŠããŸãã
ããWHRã«æåçãªåãããããªãã°ãããã¯åãªãåœã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã§ã¯ãªããç¹å®ã®æåã«ããããæåã¢ãã«ãã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãå±éºæ§ããããŸããðâ¡ïžð
代æ¿çãªå¹žçŠåºŠã®æž¬ãæ¹ïŒBlanchflower & Brysonã®ç ç©¶ ðâ¡ïžð
ãã§ã¯ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒä»¥å€ã«ã©ããã£ãŠå¹žçŠåºŠã枬ãã°ããã®ïŒããšããçåãæ¹§ããŠããŸããããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã泚ç®ããã®ããçµæžåŠè ã®David Blanchfloweræ°ãšAlex Brysonæ°ã«ããç ç©¶ã§ãã圌ãã¯ãåäžã®è³ªåã§ã¯ãªããè€æ°ã®ææ ã«é¢ãã質åãçšããŠå¹žçŠåºŠãè©äŸ¡ããæ¹æ³ãææ¡ããŠããŸãã
å ·äœçã«ã¯ã以äžã®ãããªããžãã£ããªææ ãšãã¬ãã£ããªææ ã«é¢ãã質åã®çµã¿åããã§è©äŸ¡ããŸãã
- ããžãã£ãææ (äŸ): æšæ¥ã楜ãã¿ãŸãããïŒ ããããç¬ããŸãããïŒ ååã«äŒæ¯ããŸãããïŒ
- ãã¬ãã£ãææ (äŸ): æšæ¥ãæ²ãã¿ãæããŸãããïŒ å¿é äºãæ±ããŠããŸãããïŒ æããæããŸãããïŒ èº«äœçãªçã¿ãæããŸãããïŒ
圌ãã®ç ç©¶ (Alternative measures of well-being reveal that the UK is less happy than is shown by the Cantril Ladder - ã¿ã€ãã«ã¯è±åœäžå¿ã§ããå 容ã¯åœéæ¯èŒãå«ã¿ãŸã) ã«ãããšããã®å€è§çãªææšãçšããå ŽåãWHRãšã¯ããªãç°ãªãåœå¥ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«ãªãããšã瀺åãããŠããŸãã
Blanchflower & Brysonã«ãã代æ¿ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®äŸ
圌ãã®åæææ³ïŒè©³çްãªèšç®æ¹æ³ã¯è«æåç §ïŒã«åºã¥ããšã以äžã®ãããªåŸåãèŠãããŸãã
- WHRäžäœåœã®å€å: äŸãã°ãWHRã§åžžã«ãããã¯ã©ã¹ã®ãã³ããŒã¯ã¯ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã§ã¯1äœã§ãããããžãã£ãææ ã§ã¯164ã¶åœäž111äœããã¬ãã£ãææ ïŒå°ãªãæ¹ãè¯ãïŒã§ã¯93äœãšãªããææ é¢ã§ã¯å¿ ãããæé«ã¬ãã«ã§ã¯ãªãå¯èœæ§ã瀺åãããŸãããã£ã³ã©ã³ããç·åã©ã³ãã³ã°ã§ã¯51äœãŸã§åŸéããŸãã
- æå€ãªåœã®äžæ: äžæ¹ã§ãæ¥æ¬ð¯ðµããããðµðŠãã¿ã€ð¹ðãšãã£ãåœã ããææ ææšã«åºã¥ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ã§ã¯äžäœã«æ¥ãåŸåãèŠãããŸãããããã®åœã ã¯ãWHRã®ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒåºæºã§ã¯äžäœçšåºŠã§ããããšãå€ãã§ãã
- ç±³åœå ã®å·®: ã¢ã¡ãªã«åœå ã§ãå·ããšã«èŠããšããã¯ã€ããããœã¿ãããŒã¹ãã³ã¿ãªã©ãææ ææšã§äžäœã«æ¥ãäžæ¹ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã§ã®è©äŸ¡ãšã¯ç°ãªãåŸåãèŠãããŸããé©ãããšã«ã34ã®å·ãšã¯ã·ã³ãã³D.C.ããææ ææšã§ã¯ãã£ã³ã©ã³ããããã幞çŠãã§ãããšããçµæãåºãŠããŸããðºðž > ð«ð® (?)
ãã®çµæã¯ãæž¬å®æ¹æ³ãå€ããã°ãã幞çŠãªåœãã®é¡ã¶ãã倧ããå€ããå¯èœæ§ã瀺ããŠãããWHRã®çµ¶å¯Ÿçãªä¿¡é Œæ§ã«çå笊ãæããããŸããâ
ãã¡ããããã®ä»£æ¿çãªæž¬å®æ¹æ³ã«ãéçãè°è«ã®äœå°ã¯ãããŸããããããå°ãªããšãã幞çŠããšããå€é¢çãªæŠå¿µãæããããã«ã¯ãåäžã®è³ªåã«é Œãã®ã§ã¯ãªããè€æ°ã®è§åºŠããã®ã¢ãããŒããå¿ èŠã§ããããšã瀺åããŠãããšèšããã§ããããð¯
ã³ã©ã ïŒå¹žãã®ã«ã¿ããããã ð
ãã©ãã³ç³»ã®ããªã®è¯ãããšã忬§ã®éããªæºè¶³æããã©ã¡ããããã幞çŠããªãã§ãããïŒ çãã¯äžã€ãããªãã§ãããããããããããã人çå šäœã«ã¯æºè¶³ããŠããã©ãæšæ¥ã¯ã¡ãã£ãšãã€ãŠãªãã£ããªâŠðããªããŠæ¥ããããããããŸãããBlanchflower & Brysonã®ç ç©¶ã¯ããããªæ¥ã ã®ææ ã®æ³¢ãæããããšããŠããç¹ã§è峿·±ãã§ãããð
ã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯çå®ãäŒããŠãããïŒ ð°
ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ã®çå ã¯ãWHRã®äœæè ã ãã§ãªãããã®çµæãå ±ããã¡ãã£ã¢ã«ãåããããŠããŸãã圌ã¯ãå€ãã®å€§æã¡ãã£ã¢ãWHRã®çµæãéµåã¿ã«ãããã®æ¹æ³è«çãªåé¡ç¹ãéçã«ã€ããŠååã«æ€èšŒããã«å ±éããŠãããšäž»åŒµããŸããð¢
ç¡æ¹å€ãªå ±éãšãã®åœ±é¿ ð°â¡ïžð§
æ¯å¹ŽWHRãçºè¡šããããšãããã£ã³ã©ã³ãã7幎é£ç¶ã§äžçäžå¹žçŠãªåœã«ïŒããšãã£ãèŠåºããäžçäžã®ãã¥ãŒã¹ãé§ãå·¡ããŸããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã¯ãäŸãã°ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ã»ã¿ã€ã 㺠(World Happiness Report Ranks Finland No. 1, U.S. Falls) ã APéä¿¡ (World Happiness Report: Finland tops list for 7th year, US falls) ã®èšäºãäŸã«æãããããã®å ±éãã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®çµæãäºå®ãšããŠäŒããã ãã§ããã®èæ¯ã«ããæž¬å®æ¹æ³ã®çåç¹ïŒã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®åé¡ã粟ç¥è¡çææšãšã®ççŸãªã©ïŒã«ã»ãšãã©è§ŠããŠããªãããããã¯éåžžã«è»œãæ±ã£ãŠãããšæ¹å€ããŸãã
ãã®ãããªå ±éã¯ã人ã ã«ãWHR = ä¿¡é Œã§ãã幞çŠåºŠã®ææšããšãã誀ã£ãèªèãæ€ãä»ããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®çµæã絶察çãªãã®ãšããŠåãæ¢ããããŠããŸãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããç¹ã«ãèŠåºãã ããèªãã§å å®¹ãæ·±ãèªãŸãªã人ã ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯ãå°è±¡æäœã«è¿ã广ãæã€ãããããŸãããðš
å ±éã®å ·äœäŸãšåé¡ç¹
äŸãã°ã2024幎ã®WHRçºè¡šæã®å ±éã§ã¯ãç±³åœã®é äœãé廿äœïŒ23äœïŒã«èœã¡ãããšã倧ããåãäžããããŸããããã®çç±ãšããŠè¥å¹Žå±€ã®å¹žçŠåºŠäœäžãªã©ãåæãããŸããããããããWHRã®æž¬å®æ¹æ³èªäœã®åŠ¥åœæ§ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãããŸãæ·±ãæãäžããããªãåŸåããããŸããããã£ã³ã©ã³ãã®1äœã«ã€ããŠãããã®çç±ãšããŠãèªç¶ãšã®ã€ãªããããé«ãä¿¡é ŒããçŠç¥ã®å å®ããªã©ãæããããããšãå€ãã§ãããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãææãããããªãççŸãã«ã€ããŠã¯èšåãå°ãªããããã£ãŠããããã§ãå šäœçãªæºè¶³åºŠã¯é«ãããšãã£ã圢ã§ãŸãšããããã¡ã§ããð€
ããšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ±ããšããèŠé ð
ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã¯ããã®ãããªã¡ãã£ã¢ã®å§¿å¢ãããšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ± (elite misinformation)ããšåŒã³ãèŠéã鳎ãããŠããŸããããã§ããããšãªãŒãããšã¯ãåã«å¯è£å±€ãæš©åè ãæãã ãã§ãªãã瀟äŒçãªåœ±é¿åãæã€ç ç©¶æ©é¢ïŒãã®å Žåã¯WHRãçºè¡ããSDSNïŒãåœéæ©é¢ïŒåœé£ïŒããããŠå€§æã¡ãã£ã¢ãªã©ãå«ãŸãããšèããããŸãã
圌ã®äž»åŒµã¯ããããã®ããšãªãŒããããæå³çã§ãããã©ããã«ããããããWHRãšããïŒåœŒã«ããã°ïŒæ¬ é¥ã®ããæ å ±ãç¡æ¹å€ã«åºããããšã§ã瀟äŒå šäœã®èªèãè°è«ãæªããŠããããšãããã®ã§ããç¹ã«ãWHRãã¹ã«ã³ãžããã¢è«žåœã®ãããªç¹å®ã®ç€ŸäŒã¢ãã«ãçæ³åããåŸåããããããä»ã®å€æ§ãªå¹žçŠã®ããæ¹ã瀟äŒã¢ãã«ã®å¯èœæ§ãèŠéããããŠããŸãå±éºæ§ãææããŠããŸããð çeÅitlilik (倿§æ§)
ç§ãã¡èªè ãšããŠã¯ãã¡ãã£ã¢ããæµããŠããæ å ±ããã®ãŸãŸåãåãã®ã§ã¯ãªããããã®æ å ±ã®æ ¹æ ã¯äœã ããïŒããä»ã®èŠæ¹ã¯ãªãã ãããïŒããšåžžã«åããããå§¿å¢ïŒã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒïŒãæã€ããšãããŸããŸãéèŠã«ãªã£ãŠãããšèšããã§ããããð§ð¡
ã¢ã³ã¯æ°èªèº«ã®æ¹å€èšäºã¯ã圌ã®Substack (Yascha Mounk's Substack)ãThe Free Press (The Free Press)ãPersuasion (Persuasion) ãªã©ã§èªãããšãã§ããŸããïŒâ»äžéšææã®å ŽåããïŒ
ã³ã©ã ïŒæ å ±ã®ã·ã£ã¯ãŒð¿ vs åå³ð
çŸä»£ã¯ãã¹ãããéãã°ãã¥ãŒã¹ãSNSããæ å ±ã®ã·ã£ã¯ãŒãéãæ³šãã§ããŸããããð¿ 䟿å©ã ãã©ãäžã€äžã€ã®æ å ±ããã£ããåå³ããæéã¯ãªããªãåããªããããããŸãããã§ããç¹ã«ã幞çŠãã®ãããªå€§åãªããŒãã«ã€ããŠã¯ãã¡ãã£ãšç«ã¡æ¢ãŸã£ãŠããããã£ãŠæ¬åœããªïŒããšèããŠã¿ãæéã倧åã«ãããã§ãããâïž ãã®å°ããªçåããããæ·±ãçè§£ã«ã€ãªãããããããŸããã
äžçãžã®åœ±é¿ãšæèšïŒã©ã³ãã³ã°ãè¶ ã㊠ð
äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ïŒWHRïŒã¯ãåãªãåŠè¡çãªèå³ã®å¯Ÿè±¡ã«çãŸãããäžçäžã®åœã ã®æ¿çãåœéçãªã€ã¡ãŒãžã«åœ±é¿ãäžããŠããŸãããããããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ãèžãŸãããšããã®åœ±é¿ãè¯ããã®ã°ãããšã¯èšããªããããããŸããã
åœéæ¯èŒã«ãããåçŽåã®ãªã¹ã¯ïŒ WHRã¯ãè€éãªååœã®ç¶æ³ãåäžã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«èœãšã蟌ãããšã§ãåœéæ¯èŒã容æã«ããŸããããããããã®ãåããããããããã«ãååœã®æåã瀟äŒã®å€æ§æ§ãèŠéããããã¡ã§ããç¹ã«ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãææããããã«ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã西æŽçãªäŸ¡å€èгã«åã£ãŠããå¯èœæ§ããããªãã°ãé西æŽè«žåœã®å¹žçŠåºŠãéå°è©äŸ¡ããããã西æŽã¢ãã«ãæ®éçãªçæ³ã§ãããã®ãããªèª€è§£ãçãã ãããå±éºæ§ããããŸããðð
æ¿ç決å®ãžã®åœ±é¿ïŒ ããã€ãã®åœãå°åã§ã¯ãåœæ°ã®å¹žçŠåºŠåäžãæ¿çç®æšã«æ²ããWHRãåèã«ããããšããåãããããŸãïŒäŸïŒUAEã®å¹žçŠæ åœå€§è£ïŒãããããããWHRãã幞çŠãã®å®æ ãæ£ç¢ºã«åæ ããŠããªãã®ã§ããã°ãããã«åºã¥ããæ¿çã¯çå€ããªãã®ã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããäŸãã°ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®ã¹ã³ã¢ãäžããããã«çµæžæé·ã瀟äŒçå°äœã®åäžã°ããã远æ±ãã人ã ã®ææ çãªå¹žçŠã粟ç¥çãªå¥åº·ãã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ç¹ãããšãã£ãåŽé¢ãçãã«ãªããããããŸãããðïžâ¡ïžð
éäžåœã«ããã課é¡ïŒ éçºéäžåœã«ãããŠã¯ãçµæžçºå±ãåºæ¬çãªç掻氎æºã®åäžã幞çŠåºŠïŒç¹ã«ç掻æºè¶³åºŠïŒã«å€§ããå¯äžããããšã¯äºå®ã§ããããããWHRã®ãããªåäžã®ææšã«åºå·ãããšãããããã®åœãæã€ç¬èªã®æåãå ±åäœã®äŸ¡å€ãäŒçµ±çãªå¹žçŠèгãªã©ã軜èŠãããç»äžçãªéçºã¢ãã«ãæŒãä»ããããããšã«ãç¹ãããããŸãããð±â ð³
äžçãžã®æèšïŒ WHRãšãã®æ¹å€ããç§ãã¡ãåŠã¶ã¹ãæèšã¯ã幞çŠã®å€æ§æ§ãèªèããåäžã®ææšãã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«äŸåããªãããšã®éèŠæ§ã§ããåã ã®åœãæåãæã€ç¬èªã®äŸ¡å€èгã«åºã¥ãã幞çŠã®ããæ¹ãå°éãããããæž¬å®ã»è©äŸ¡ããããã®å€æ§ãªã¢ãããŒããæ¢æ±ããå¿ èŠããããŸãããŸããåœéçãªææšãçšããéã«ã¯ããã®éçãšæœåšçãªãã€ã¢ã¹ãåžžã«æèããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããðð€ð¡
ã³ã©ã ïŒããŒã¿ã³ã®GNHð§ð¹
幞çŠåºŠãåœã®ææšãšããŠèããå é§ããšããŠãããŒã¿ã³çåœã®ãåœæ°ç·å¹žçŠéïŒGNH: Gross National HappinessïŒããæåã§ãããGNHã¯ãçµæžæé·ïŒGDPïŒã ãã§ãªããâ å ¬æ£ã§æç¶å¯èœãªç€ŸäŒçµæžéçºãâ¡äŒçµ±æåã®ä¿è·ã»æ¯èãâ¢ç°å¢ä¿å šãâ£è¯ã統治ããšãã4ã€ã®æ±ããã©ã³ã¹è¯ã远æ±ããããšãç®æããŠããŸããWHRãšã¯ç°ãªãã¢ãããŒãã§ãããã幞çŠããå€è§çã«æããããšããç¹ã§ç€ºåã«å¯ãã§ããŸããðïž
æ¥æ¬ãžã®åœ±é¿ãšæèšïŒç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®ã幞çŠããèŠã€ãã ð¯ðµ
äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«ãããæ¥æ¬ã®é äœã¯ãçµæžçãªè±ããã«æ¯ããŠäœãåŸåãç¶ããŠããŸãïŒ2024幎ã¯51äœïŒããã®çµæã¯ãåœå ã§ããã°ãã°è°è«ã®çãšãªãããæ¥æ¬ã¯äžå¹žãªåœãªã®ãïŒããšãã£ãåããæããããŠããŸãããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®WHRæ¹å€ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®ç¶æ³ãèããäžã§ãéèŠãªç€ºåãäžããŠãããŸãã
æ¥æ¬ã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ã劥åœããªã®ãïŒïŒ ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®ææããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®åé¡ç¹ïŒå¯ãå°äœãžã®åãïŒãæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ãèæ ®ãããšãæ¥æ¬ã®WHRã§ã®é äœããæ¥æ¬äººã®æãããå¹žçŠæãã®å®æ ãæ£ç¢ºã«åæ ããŠãããšã¯éããŸãããäŸãã°ãBlanchflower & Brysonã®ä»£æ¿ææšã§ã¯æ¥æ¬ãäžäœã«æ¥ãå¯èœæ§ã瀺åãããŠããããã«ãæž¬å®æ¹æ³ãå€ããã°æ¥æ¬ã®è©äŸ¡ãå€ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããððâ
æ¥æ¬æåãšå¹žçŠæïŒ æ¥æ¬æåã«ã¯ã欧米çãªå人䞻矩ãšã¯ç°ãªã䟡å€èгïŒäŸïŒåãéããããè¬è²ã®çŸåŸ³ãåšå²ãžã®é æ ®ïŒãæ ¹ä»ããŠããŸããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®ãããªãããªãåäººã®æé«ã®äººçããåã質åã«å¯ŸããŠãæ§ããã«çãããã瀟äŒçãªæåãã¹ãã¬ãŒãã«è©äŸ¡ããããšã«ãããããæãããããæåçåŸåããããããããŸããããŸããããã³ãã³ãã«èŠããããããªéè¬ããå è¶³æããããã¯ãçãããããšãã£ãæŠå¿µã¯ãWHRã®ææšã§ã¯æããããªãæ¥æ¬çãªå¹žçŠã®åŽé¢ãããããŸãããðžðµ
æ¿çãžã®ç€ºåïŒ æ¥æ¬æ¿åºãã幞çŠåºŠãã«é¢ãã調æ»ãææšäœæã«é¢å¿ã瀺ããŠããŸããWHRã®çµæã ããéµåã¿ã«ããã®ã§ã¯ãªããæ¥æ¬ç¬èªã®æåã䟡å€èгãåæ ãããããå€é¢çãªå¹žçŠææšïŒWell-beingææšïŒã®éçºãšæŽ»çšãéèŠã«ãªããŸããçµæžçãªè±ããã ãã§ãªãã人ã ã®ç²Ÿç¥çãªå¥åº·ã瀟äŒçãªã€ãªãããèªå·±è¯å®æãå°æ¥ãžã®åžæãšãã£ãèŠçŽ ããã©ã³ã¹è¯ãè©äŸ¡ããæ¿çã«æŽ»ãããŠããèŠç¹ãæ±ããããŸããð€ð
ç§ãã¡ãžã®æèšïŒ WHRã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«äžåäžæããã®ã§ã¯ãªããç§ãã¡æ¥æ¬äººã«ãšã£ãŠã®ã幞çŠããšã¯äœããæ¹ããŠåãçŽããè°è«ããããšã倧åã§ããã¡ãã£ã¢ã®å ±éãåœéæ¯èŒã®æ°åã«æãããããèªåèªèº«ã®äŸ¡å€èгãåšãã®äººã ãšã®é¢ä¿æ§ã®äžã«ã幞çŠãèŠåºãèŠç¹ãæã€ããšããããè±ããªçãæ¹ã«ã€ãªããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ãããããððšâð©âð§âðŠ
ã³ã©ã ïŒãäžéäœããšå¹žçŠåºŠ ð€
æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãäžéäœããæ°ã«ããæåãæ ¹åŒ·ããšèšãããŸãããããããããããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã§ãèªåã¯ä»ãã¯ããã®ã©ã®æ®µã«ãããïŒããšèãããæãç¡æèã«ãäžéäžè¬ããèŠãŠãèªåã¯ã©ã®ãããã ããïŒããšèããŠããŸã人ããããããããŸãããð ãããè¯ãæªãã§ã¯ãªããããããæåçãªèæ¯ãã幞çŠåºŠã®æž¬å®ã«åœ±é¿ãäžããå¯èœæ§ãããããšããããšã§ããã
çåãšå€è§çèŠç¹ïŒå¹žçŠã¯æž¬ããã®ãïŒ ð€
ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®WHRæ¹å€ã¯éåžžã«éããã®ã§ããã圌ã®äž»åŒµã«å¯ŸããŠããããã€ãã®çåç¹ããããã«å€è§çãªèŠç¹ãå ããããšãã§ããŸãã
çåç¹ïŒ
- ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®å®å šåŠå®ã¯åŠ¥åœãïŒ: ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã¯ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®æ¬ ç¹ã匷調ããŸããããã®å°ºåºŠãé·å¹Žã«ãããå€ãã®ç ç©¶ã§çšããããäžå®ã®åŠ¥åœæ§ïŒäŸïŒå¥åº·ãæåŸãšã®çžé¢ïŒã瀺ãããŠããããšã¯äºå®ã§ããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠã幞çŠã®éèŠãªäžåŽé¢ã§ãããå®å šã«ãã€ã³ããããšæããã®ã¯è¡ãéãã§ã¯ãªããããšããåè«ãå¯èœã§ããðªâ â
- 忬§ã®ççŸã®è§£é: é«ãèªæ®ºçãæãã€è¬äœ¿çšçããå¿ ããããäžå¹žãã®çŽæ¥çãªèšŒæ ãšã¯éããŸããã粟ç¥å»çãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã®è¯ããåé¡ããªãŒãã³ã«è©±ããæåãçµ±èšã®æ£ç¢ºããšãã£ãèŠå ãèããããŸãããããã®åœã ã®é«ã瀟äŒçŠç¥ãä¿¡é Œãã人ã ã®ç掻æºè¶³åºŠïŒã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®ã¹ã³ã¢ïŒãæ¯ããŠãããšããåŽé¢ãç¡èŠã§ããŸãããðžðªð«ð®ð©ð°ð³ðŽð®ðž
- ä»£æ¿ææšã®äžèœæ§: Blanchflower & Brysonã®ææ ææšãè峿·±ãã§ãããããããŸã幞çŠã®äžåŽé¢ã«éããŸãããç¬éçãªææ ã¯å€©åãçŽåã®åºæ¥äºã«ãå·Šå³ããããããå®å®æ§ã«æ¬ ãããšããæ¹å€ããããŸãããŸããã©ã®ææ ããã©ã®ããã«çµã¿åãããéã¿ä»ãããã®ãããšããæ¹æ³è«çãªèª²é¡ãæ®ããŸããðâ
- ã¡ãã£ã¢æ¹å€ã®äžè¬å: å šãŠã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ãWHRãç¡æ¹å€ã«å ±ããŠããããã§ã¯ãããŸãããäžã«ã¯ãæ¹æ³è«ã®éçãæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ã«ã€ããŠèšåããå ±éãè«è©ãååšããŸããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®ããšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ±ããšããã¬ããã«ã¯ãããæåçã§ãåé¡ãåçŽåããããŠããå¯èœæ§ã¯ãªãã§ãããããð°ð§
å€è§çèŠç¹ïŒ
- WHRæè·è«ïŒ WHRã®å ¬åŒãµã€ã(World Happiness Report)ãFAQ(FAQ)ã§ã¯ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒïŒã©ã€ãè©äŸ¡ïŒã¯ææ å ±åãããå®å®ããŠããã人çå šäœã®è³ªãæããäžã§æå¹ã ãšäž»åŒµããŠããŸãããŸããGDPãå¥åº·å¯¿åœã瀟äŒçæ¯æŽãéžæã®èªç±ãå¯å®¹ããè æèªèãšãã6ã€ã®äž»èŠå€æ°ããåœããšã®å¹žçŠåºŠïŒã©ã€ãè©äŸ¡ïŒã®å€åã®4åã®3以äžã説æã§ãããšããŠããã®åææ çµã¿ã®åŠ¥åœæ§ã匷調ããŠããŸããðâ¡ïžð
- å¹žçŠæž¬å®ã®éçïŒ ããããã䞻芳çã§å€é¢çãªã幞çŠããšããæŠå¿µããå®å šã«å®¢èгçãã€æ®éçãªæ¹æ³ã§æž¬å®ããããšèªäœãéåžžã«å°é£ã§ããã©ããªææšãçšããŠããäœããã®éçããã€ã¢ã¹ããã¯éããããªãã®ãããããŸãããéèŠãªã®ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ææšã絶察èŠãããè€æ°ã®ææšãçµã¿åããããã®éçãçè§£ããäžã§æ éã«è§£éããããšã§ããðâ
- æ¿æ²»çã»ã€ããªãã®ãŒçåŽé¢ïŒ WHRããã®æ¹å€ã«ã¯ãæ¿æ²»çãªæå³ãã€ããªãã®ãŒã圱é¿ããŠããå¯èœæ§ãèæ ®ãã¹ãã§ããWHRãç¹å®ã®ç€ŸäŒã¢ãã«ïŒäŸïŒå欧åçŠç¥åœå®¶ïŒãçæ³åããŠãããšããèŠæ¹ãããã°ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€èªäœãããªãã©ã«ãªåœé朮æµã«å¯ŸããæççãªèŠç¹ã«åºã¥ããŠãããšè§£éããããšãå¯èœã§ããð€ð
- ãæž¬ããããšã®æå³ïŒ 幞çŠã枬ãããšããããšèªäœãã幞çŠã管çå¯èœãªå¯Ÿè±¡ããããã¯ç«¶äºã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšããŠæããçŸä»£çãªåŸåïŒäŸïŒèªå·±åçºããŠã§ã«ããŒã€ã³ã°ç£æ¥ïŒãåæ ããŠããã®ãããããŸããã幞çŠãæ°å€åããã©ã³ãã³ã°åããããšã®å眪ã«ã€ããŠãããæ·±ãèããå¿ èŠãããããã§ããð¢â
çµå±ã®ãšãããã幞çŠããå·¡ãè°è«ã«å¯äžçµ¶å¯Ÿã®æ£è§£ã¯ãããŸãããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ã¯éèŠãªåé¡ãæèµ·ããŸããããããã«å¯Ÿããåè«ãå¥ã®èŠç¹ãååšããŸãã倿§ãªæèŠã«è³ãåŸããèªåãªãã«èããŠããããšã倧åã§ãããð
ã³ã©ã ïŒã¢ãªã¹ããã¬ã¹ã®å¹žçŠð
å€ä»£ã®ãªã·ã£ã®å²åŠè ã¢ãªã¹ããã¬ã¹ã¯ã幞çŠïŒãšãŠãã€ã¢ãã¢, eudaimoniaïŒãåãªã快楜ã§ã¯ãªããã埳ïŒã¢ã¬ããŒ, aretÄïŒã«å³ããéã®æŽ»åããšèããŸãããã€ãŸãã人éãšããŠã®æœåšèœåãæå€§éã«çºæ®ããåãçããããšãã®ãã®ã幞çŠã§ããããšãçŸä»£ã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãšã¯ã ãã¶éããŸããããã©ãçãããããšããåãã¯ãä»ãæãå€ãããªã幞çŠã®æ¬è³ªãªã®ãããããŸããããðïžâš
ãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒæµ·å€ç·šïŒïŒã©ã³ãã³ã°ä¿¡è vs æçè«è ð£ïž
ããã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®èšäºãRedditãHacker Newsã®ãããªæµ·å€ã®ãã©ãŒã©ã ã§è©±é¡ã«ãªã£ãããã©ã®ãããªã³ã¡ã³ããå¯ããããã§ããããïŒ ããã€ãäºæž¬ããããã«å¯Ÿããåè«ãèããŠã¿ãŸããããð¬
äºæž¬ãããã³ã¡ã³ã (Reddit/Hacker News颚):
-
è³ææŽŸã»æçæŽŸã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
"Finally someone said it! I always felt the WHR was overly simplistic. Basing it on one 'ladder' question seems ridiculous. The mental health stats in Nordic countries alone should raise eyebrows."
ïŒèš³ïŒãã£ãšèª°ãèšã£ãŠãããïŒ WHRã¯åçŽãããã£ãŠãã£ãšæã£ãŠããäžã€ã®ãã¯ããã質åã«åºã¥ãããªããŠãã«ããŠãã忬§è«žåœã®ã¡ã³ã¿ã«ãã«ã¹ã®çµ±èšã ãã§ãçå笊ãã€ãã¯ãã ãïŒ"The cultural bias argument is strong. How can you compare happiness in Japan vs Denmark using the same metric focused on individual life evaluation? It measures 'Western success' more than happiness."
ïŒèš³ïŒæåçãã€ã¢ã¹è«ã¯èª¬åŸåããããå人ã®äººçè©äŸ¡ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãåãææšã§ãæ¥æ¬ãšãã³ããŒã¯ã®å¹žçŠãã©ããã£ãŠæ¯èŒã§ãããã ïŒ å¹žçŠãšããããã西æŽçãªæåããæž¬ã£ãŠãã ãã ãïŒ"Interesting point about media complicity. The headlines are always 'Finland #1!' with zero critical analysis of the methodology. It's lazy journalism reinforcing a potentially flawed narrative."
ïŒèš³ïŒã¡ãã£ã¢ã®å ±ç¯é¢ä¿ã«ã€ããŠã®ææã¯è峿·±ããèŠåºãã¯ãã€ãããã£ã³ã©ã³ã1äœïŒãã§ãæ¹æ³è«ãžã®æ¹å€çåæã¯ãŒããæœåšçã«æ¬ é¥ã®ããç©èªãè£åŒ·ããæ æ°ãªãžã£ãŒããªãºã ã ãïŒ -
å察掟ã»WHRæè·æŽŸã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
"Mounk is cherry-picking data. High suicide rates don't negate high life satisfaction. It could mean better reporting or access to mental health services. The Cantril Ladder is a validated measure used for decades."
ïŒèš³ïŒã¢ã³ã¯ã¯éœåã®è¯ãããŒã¿ãéžãã§ãããé«ãèªæ®ºçãé«ãçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠãåŠå®ãããããããªããããã¯ããè¯ãå ±åäœå¶ã粟ç¥å»çãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãæå³ããã®ãããããªããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã¯äœå幎ã䜿ãããŠããæ€èšŒæžã¿ã®å°ºåºŠã ãïŒ"So what's the alternative? Blanchflower's 'feelings' metrics? Those are volatile and subjective too. The WHR uses multiple factors (GDP, social support etc.) not just the ladder. Mounk oversimplifies the report."
ïŒèš³ïŒãããä»£æ¿æ¡ã¯äœãªãã ïŒ ãã©ã³ãã§ãã©ã¯ãŒã®ãææ ãææšïŒ ããã ã£ãŠå€åããããã䞻芳çã ãWHRã¯ã¯ãã質åã ãã§ãªãè€æ°ã®èŠå ïŒGDPã瀟äŒçæ¯æŽãªã©ïŒã䜿ã£ãŠãããã¢ã³ã¯ã¯ã¬ããŒããåçŽåãããã ãïŒ"This just sounds like sour grapes because the US is falling in the rankings. Nordic countries consistently rank high across many different well-being indices, not just WHR. There's something real there."
ïŒèš³ïŒããã¯ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ã§èœã¡ãŠãããã£ãŠè² ãæãã¿ã«èãããã忬§è«žåœã¯WHRã ãã§ãªããä»ã®å€ãã®å¹žçŠåºŠææšã§ãäžè²«ããŠäžäœã«ã©ã³ã¯ã€ã³ããŠãããããã«ã¯äœãæ¬ç©ããããã ããïŒ
ãããã®ã³ã¡ã³ãã«å¯Ÿããåè«ïŒ
- 察ãWHRæè·æŽŸãâ ïŒèªæ®ºçãšæºè¶³åºŠã®é¢ä¿ïŒïŒ é«ãèªæ®ºçã粟ç¥è¡çåé¡ãåã«ãå ±åäœå¶ãè¯ãããããšçä»ããã®ã¯æ©èšã§ããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠïŒã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒïŒãšæ¥ã ã®ææ çãªå¹žçŠïŒåã³ãæ²ãã¿ãã¹ãã¬ã¹ãªã©ïŒã粟ç¥çå¥åº·ã¯ãå¿ ãããåãã§ã¯ãããŸãããWHRãäž»ã«åè ïŒæºè¶³åºŠïŒã«åã£ãŠããå¯èœæ§ãææããŠããã®ã§ãããççŸããããŒã¿ãååšãã以äžããã®åå ãæ¢ãããšã¯éèŠã§ããð€
- 察ãWHRæè·æŽŸãâ¡ïŒä»£æ¿æ¡ãšWHRã®å€èŠå ïŒïŒ ä»£æ¿æ¡ïŒææ ææšïŒã«ãéçãããããšã¯äºå®ã§ãããããã¯WHRã®æ¹æ³è«ïŒç¹ã«ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒãžã®äŸå床ïŒãå®ç§ã§ãããšããæå³ã§ã¯ãããŸãããWHRã6ã€ã®å€æ°ãã説æèŠå ããšããŠäœ¿ã£ãŠããã®ã¯äºå®ã§ãããã©ã³ãã³ã°èªäœã®äž»ãªæ ¹æ ã¯äŸç¶ãšããŠã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®ã¹ã³ã¢ã§ããã¢ã³ã¯ã®æ¹å€ã®æ žå¿ã¯ããã®æ ¹å¹¹ãšãªãæž¬å®ææšã®åŠ¥åœæ§ãžã®çåã§ããð¯
- 察ãWHRæè·æŽŸãâ¢ïŒè² ãæãã¿è«ïŒïŒ ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ãåãªããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®é äœäœäžãžã®äžæºããšç®å°åããã®ã¯ãæ¬è³ªçãªè°è«ãé¿ããæ åºŠã§ããåœŒã®ææã¯æ¹æ³è«ãšæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ã«é¢ããåŠè¡çãªè°è«ã«åºã¥ããŠãããã©ã®åœãäžäœãäžäœããšããçµæè«ã ãã§ã¯ãããŸããã忬§è«žåœãé«ãè©äŸ¡ãåããèŠå ïŒçŠç¥ãä¿¡é Œãªã©ïŒãããããšã¯èªãã€ã€ãããã®æž¬å®æ¹æ³ã«çåãåããããšã¯ãå¥å šãªç§åŠçæ¢æ±ã§ããð§
ãããäžã®è°è«ã¯ææ çã«ãªããã¡ã§ãããããŒã¿ãæ¹æ³è«ã«åºã¥ããå·éãªè°è«ãæ·±ãŸãããšãæãŸããã§ãããð¥â¡ïžð§
ã³ã©ã ïŒãšã³ãŒãã§ã³ããŒçŸè±¡ã«ã泚æ â ïž
ãããã®ãã©ãŒã©ã ãSNSã§ã¯ãèªåãšåãæèŠã°ãããç®ã«å ¥ãããããäžã®äžã®ç·æã§ãããã®ããã«æããŠããŸãããšã³ãŒãã§ã³ããŒçŸè±¡ããèµ·ãããã¡ã§ããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«é¢ããŠããããã£ã±ã忬§æé«ïŒããšããæèŠããã©ã³ãã³ã°ãªããŠåã£ã±ã¡ïŒããšããæèŠãã©ã¡ããã«åã£ãŠããŸãããšããè²ã ãªè§åºŠããã®æèŠã«è§Šããããšã倧åã§ãããð£ïžð
çµè«ïŒå¹žçŠã®è¿·å®®ãšæªæ¥ãžã®çŸ éç€ ð§
ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ãéããŠãç§ãã¡ã¯äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãšãããäžèŠãããšå®¢èгçã§ç§åŠçãªææšã®è£ã«æœããè€éãªåé¡ç¹ãéçãå£éèŠãããšãã§ããŸãããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒãšããåäžã®ç©å·®ããžã®äŸåãæåçãªãã€ã¢ã¹ã®å¯èœæ§ããããŠã¡ãã£ã¢ã«ããç¡æ¹å€ãªæ¡æ£âŠ ãããã¯ãç§ãã¡ãã幞çŠããšãããæãã©ããã®ãªããã®ã枬ãããšããéã®ãæ®éçãªå°é£ãã象城ããŠããã®ãããããŸããã
ããã§ãããçªé£ãªè«çãå±éããŠã¿ãŸãããããããããããã幞çŠããšã¯ãæ¬è³ªçã«æž¬å®äžå¯èœãªãã®ãªã®ãããããŸãããððâ 人éã®å é¢ã«ããã䞻芳çã§ãç§»ããããããæåãå人ã«ãã£ãŠå šãç°ãªããã®ææ ïŒãããã¯ç¶æ ïŒããæ°åãã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«éå ããããšããããšèªäœããçŸä»£ç€ŸäŒç¹æã®ãäœã§ãæ°å€åã»å¯èŠåãããããšãã匷迫芳念ã®è¡šãã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããïŒ ãŸãã§ãéåååŠã«ããã芳枬åé¡ã®ããã«ã幞çŠããæž¬ããããšããç¬éã«ããã®æ¬è³ªãå€ãã£ãŠããŸãã®ãããããŸãããâïžâ¡ïžâ
ã§ã¯ãç§ãã¡ã¯å¹žçŠã«ã€ããŠèªãããšã諊ããã¹ããªã®ã§ããããïŒ ãããããã§ã¯ãããŸãããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ã¯ããããããè±ãã§ãããèª å®ãªå¹žçŠç ç©¶ãžã®æãéããã®ãšæããã¹ãã§ããä»åŸã¯ã以äžã®ãããªç ç©¶ãæãŸããŸãã
- æå暪æçãªå¹žçŠæŠå¿µã®æ¢æ±ïŒ 西æŽäžå¿ã§ã¯ãªãã倿§ãªæåã«ããã幞çŠã®å®çŸ©ã䟡å€èгã質çã«æ·±ãçè§£ãããããåæ ã§ãããããªãæåçã«ææãªæž¬å®æ¹æ³ã®éçºãðð€
- 倿¬¡å çãªã¢ãããŒãã®çµ±åïŒ äž»èŠ³çãªå ±åïŒææ ãæºè¶³åºŠãçããããªã©ïŒã ãã§ãªãã客芳çãªææšïŒå¥åº·ã瀟äŒé¢ä¿è³æ¬ãç°å¢ã®è³ªãªã©ïŒãããã«ã¯ç¥çµç§åŠçãªããŒã¿ïŒè³æŽ»åãªã©ð§ ïŒãè¡åããŒã¿ïŒSNSå©çšãæ¶è²»è¡åãªã©ð±ïŒããçµã¿åããããããªã¹ãã£ãã¯ïŒå šäœçïŒãªå¹žçŠåºŠè©äŸ¡ã¢ãã«ã®æ§ç¯ã
- æèäŸåæ§ã®éèŠïŒ åœãå°åãšãã£ããã¯ããªã¬ãã«ã ãã§ãªããã³ãã¥ããã£ãè·å Žãå®¶åºãšãã£ããã¯ããªã¬ãã«ã§ã®å¹žçŠã®ããæ¹ããã©ã€ãã¹ããŒãžïŒè¥è ãé«éœ¢è ãªã©ïŒã«ããéããèæ ®ãããæèã«å¿ãã幞çŠç ç©¶ã®æšé²ãðšâð©âð§âðŠð¢
ãããã®ç ç©¶ãé²ãã°ãç§ãã¡ã¯ãã©ã®åœãäžçªå¹žããïŒããšããåçŽãªåãããè±åŽãããã©ã®ãããªæ¡ä»¶ãæèã«ãããŠãã©ã®ãããªçš®é¡ã®äººã ããã©ã®ãããªæå³ã§å¹žçŠãæããããã®ãïŒããšãããããæ·±ããããå®è·µçãªåãã«çããããšãã§ããããã«ãªãã§ããããããã¯ãç»äžçãªå¹žçŠã¢ãã«ãæŒãä»ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã倿§ãªå¹žçŠã®ããæ¹ãèªããããããã®å人ã瀟äŒãèªåãã¡ãªãã®å¹žçŠã远æ±ããããã®ãããè¯ãçŸ éç€ãäžããŠãããã¯ãã§ããð§âš
æŽå²çäœçœ®ä»ãïŒ ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®WHRæ¹å€ã¯ã20äžçŽåŸåããäž»æµãšãªã£ã䞻芳ç幞çŠåºŠïŒSWBïŒç ç©¶ã®åçŽåãéçæ¡å€§ã«å¯ŸãããéèŠãªåçç¹ãšèŠãããšãã§ããŸããåå©äž»çŸ©çãªãæå€§å€æ°ã®æå€§å¹žçŠãã®è¿œæ±ããGDPä¿¡ä»°ãçµãŠãWHRã®ãããªåäžææšä¿¡ä»°ãžãšåœ¢ãå€ããŠããæµãã«å¯Ÿãã幞çŠã®è³ªçã»æåç倿§æ§ãåãæ»ãããšããåããšèšãããããããŸãããã¢ãªã¹ããã¬ã¹çãªãåãçããïŒEudaimoniaïŒããšããå€å žçãªå¹žçŠèгãžã®ååž°ããããã¯ãããçŸä»£çã«åæ§ç¯ããããšãã詊ã¿ã®äžç°ãšãäœçœ®ä»ããããã§ããããðïžâ¡ïžð¡
æåŸã«ãå€ä»£ããŒãã®ã¹ãã¢æŽŸå²åŠè ã»ãã«ã®èšèãåŒçšããŸãããã
Non est beatus, qui se non putat.
ïŒå¹žçŠã§ãªãè ã¯ãèªããããæããªãè ã§ãããïŒ
çµå±ã®ãšããã幞çŠã¯äž»èгçãªèªèã«å€§ããå·Šå³ããããã®ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã©ãã§ãããç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®å ãªã声ã«è³ãåŸããããšãã幞çŠãžã®ç¬¬äžæ©ãªã®ãããããŸããããð
ã©ã³ãã³ã°
ä¿¡ããåã«
åãçŽãã
ãã身ãã幞
ç©å·®ãã¯å
ã«
ïŒããããã ãããããŸãã« ãšããªããã ããã¿ãããã¡ ãã®ããã¯ãã¡ã«ïŒ
ã³ã©ã ïŒå¹žãã®éãé³¥ðŠ
ã¡ãŒãã«ãªã³ã¯ã®ç«¥è©±ãéãé³¥ãã§ã¯ããã«ãã«ãšããã«ã幞çŠã®è±¡åŸŽã§ããéãé³¥ãæ¢ããŠæ ã«åºãŸãããçµå±ãäžçªèº«è¿ãªå ŽæïŒèªåãã¡ã®å®¶ïŒã«ããããšã«æ°ã¥ããŸãã幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã§äžäœã®åœãæ¢ãã®ãè¯ãã§ããããããããããç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®æ¥åžžã®äžã«ããã§ã«ããããã®ãéãé³¥ããããã®ãããããŸããããð¡ð
åèæç® ð
- Nilsson, A., S. Carlson, and O. J. H. Teknologisk arbetslöshet och ekonomisk tillvÀxt. (2024). The Cantril Ladder elitesâ favorite measure of wellbeing encodes a problematic definition of the good life. Scientific Reports, 14(1). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-52939-y
- Blanchflower, D. G., & Bryson, A. (2023). Alternative measures of well-being reveal that the UK is less happy than is shown by the Cantril Ladder. Social Indicators Research, 170(1-2), 393-410. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11205-023-03262-y
- Wikipedia. List of countries by suicide rate. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_suicide_rate
- Mounk, Y. (2024, March 22). The World Happiness Report Is a Sham. The Free Press. https://www.thefp.com/p/the-world-happiness-report-is-a-sham
- Mounk, Y. (2024, March 22). The World Happiness Report Is a Sham. Persuasion. https://www.persuasion.community/p/the-world-happiness-report-is-a-sham
- Mounk, Y. (2024, March 21). The World Happiness Report Is a Sham. Yascha Mounk's Substack. https://yaschamounk.substack.com/p/the-world-happiness-report-is-a-sham
- The New York Times. (2024, March 20). World Happiness Report Ranks Finland No. 1, U.S. Falls. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/20/us/world-happiness-report-finland-us.html
- Associated Press. (2024, March 20). World Happiness Report: Finland tops list for 7th year, US falls. https://apnews.com/article/world-happiness-report-finland-us-2025-03-20
- World Happiness Report. (Official Website). https://worldhappiness.report/
- World Happiness Report. FAQ. https://worldhappiness.report/faq/
- Marsh, J. (2023, March 20). Are World Happiness Rankings Culturally Biased?. Greater Good Magazine. https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/are_world_happiness_rankings_culturally_biased
- Lund University. (2024, March 20). World Happiness Report: Why we might be measuring happiness wrong. https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se/article/world-happiness-report-why-we-might-be-measuring-happiness-wrong
çšèªçŽ¢åŒïŒã¢ã«ãã¡ãããé ïŒ
- APéä¿¡ (Associated Press)
- ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡åœã«æ ç¹ã眮ããåœéçãªé信瀟ã§ããäžçäžã®ãã¥ãŒã¹ãé ä¿¡ããŠãããå€ãã®å ±éæ©é¢ãAPéä¿¡ã®ãã¥ãŒã¹ãå©çšããŠããŸãããã®èšäºã§ã¯ãWHRã®å ±éå§¿å¢ã®äŸãšããŠèšåãããŠããŸãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- AretÄ (ã¢ã¬ããŒ)
- å€ä»£ã®ãªã·ã£èªã§ã埳ãããåè¶æ§ããæå³ããŸããã¢ãªã¹ããã¬ã¹ã®å¹žçŠè«ã«ãããŠäžå¿çãªæŠå¿µã§ã人éããã®æ¬æ§ãæ©èœãæå€§éã«çºæ®ããŠããç¶æ ãæããŸãã (åç §ç®æ)
- Blanchflower & Bryson
- David Blanchfloweræ°ãšAlex Brysonæ°ãçµæžåŠè ã§ãããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã«ä»£ãã幞çŠåºŠã®ä»£æ¿ææšïŒç¹ã«ææ ã«åºã¥ãææšïŒãç ç©¶ã»ææ¡ããŠããŸãã圌ãã®ç ç©¶ã¯ãWHRã®çµæã«çåãåããæ ¹æ ã®äžã€ãšããŠåŒçšãããŠããŸãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- Cantril Ladder (ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒ)
- å¿çåŠè ãããªãŒã»ã«ã³ããªã«ãèæ¡ããã䞻芳çãªç掻è©äŸ¡ã枬å®ããããã®è³ªåæ¹æ³ã§ããã人çã®ã¯ããããæ³åãããçŸåšã®èªåã®äœçœ®ã0ïŒææªïŒãã10ïŒæé«ïŒã§è©äŸ¡ãããŸããäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®äž»ãªæ ¹æ ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãªã©ããã幞çŠãã®ãã®ã§ã¯ãªããå¯ã瀟äŒçå°äœã«åœ±é¿ããããããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠããæž¬ã£ãŠãããæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ãããããªã©ã®æ¹å€ããããŸãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- Cultural Bias (æåçãã€ã¢ã¹)
- ããæåã®äŸ¡å€èгãåºæºãç¡æèã®ãã¡ã«åºæºãšãããä»ã®æåãè©äŸ¡ããéã«åããçããããšã§ããWHRã«ãããŠã¯ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒãå人䞻矩çãªè¥¿æŽæåã®äŸ¡å€èгãåæ ãããããéå£äž»çŸ©çãªæååã®å¹žçŠæãæ£ããæž¬å®ã§ããŠããªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããããšããæ¹å€ããããŸãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- Elite Misinformation (ãšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ±)
- ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãçšããèšèã§ã瀟äŒç圱é¿åãæã€æ©é¢ïŒç ç©¶æ©é¢ãåœéæ©é¢ã倧æã¡ãã£ã¢ãªã©ïŒããæ¬ é¥ã®ããæ å ±ïŒãã®å Žåã¯WHRïŒãç¡æ¹å€ã«åºããããšã§ã瀟äŒã®èªèãæªããŠããç¶æ³ãæããŸãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- Eudaimonia (ãšãŠãã€ã¢ãã¢)
- å€ä»£ã®ãªã·ã£èªã§ãåãªã快楜(hedonia)ãšã¯åºå¥ããããããæ·±ãæç¶çãªã幞çŠãããåãçããããšããæå³ããŸããã¢ãªã¹ããã¬ã¹å²åŠã®äžå¿æŠå¿µã§ããã人éã®ç©¶æ¥µçãªç®çãšãããŸããçŸä»£ã®ããžãã£ãå¿çåŠãªã©ã§ãåç §ãããæŠå¿µã§ãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- GNH (Gross National Happiness / åœæ°ç·å¹žçŠé)
- ããŒã¿ã³çåœãæå±ã»å°å ¥ããŠãããåœã®çºå±ãæž¬ãææšã§ããçµæžæé·ã瀺ãGDPïŒåœå ç·çç£ïŒã ãã§ãªãã粟ç¥çãæåçã瀟äŒçãªè±ãããç°å¢ä¿å šãªã©ãå«ããŠãåœæ°å šäœã®å¹žçŠåºŠãç·åçã«é«ããããšãç®æããŸãã (åç §ç®æ)
- New York Times (ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ã»ã¿ã€ã ãº)
- ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡åœã代衚ããæ¥åæ°èã§ãããäžççã«åœ±é¿åã®ããå ±éæ©é¢ã®äžã€ã§ãããã®èšäºã§ã¯ãWHRã®å ±éå§¿å¢ã®äŸãšããŠèšåãããŠããŸãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- SDSN (Sustainable Development Solutions Network / æç¶å¯èœãªéçºãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã»ãããã¯ãŒã¯)
- åœé£ã®é¢é£æ©é¢ã§ãæç¶å¯èœãªéçºç®æšïŒSDGsïŒã®éæã«åããå®è·µçãªè§£æ±ºçãæšé²ããŠããŸããäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ïŒWHRïŒãæ¯å¹Žçºè¡ããŠããçµç¹ã§ãã (åç §ç®æ)
- SWB (Subjective Well-Being / 䞻芳ç幞çŠåºŠ)
- å人ãèªèº«ã®ç掻ãã©ã®çšåºŠè¯å®çã«è©äŸ¡ããŠãããã瀺ããå¿çåŠçãªæŠå¿µã§ããäžè¬çã«ããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠãïŒäººçå šäœã«å¯Ÿããè©äŸ¡ïŒããããžãã£ãææ ãïŒåã³ã楜ãã¿ãªã©ïŒãããã¬ãã£ãææ ã®å°ãªããïŒæ²ãã¿ãæããªã©ãå°ãªãããšïŒã®3ã€ã®èŠçŽ ã§æ§æããããšèããããŠããŸããWHRãå€ãã®å¹žçŠç ç©¶ã®åºç€ãšãªãæŠå¿µã§ãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
- WHR (World Happiness Report / äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°)
- åœé£ã®SDSNãæ¯å¹Žçºè¡šããŠãããäžçã®åœã ã®å¹žçŠåºŠãã©ã³ã¯ä»ãããå ±åæžã§ããäž»ã«ã®ã£ã©ãã瀟ã®äžè«èª¿æ»ïŒã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒïŒã«åºã¥ããŠããŸãããã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãªã©ãããã®æ¹æ³è«ãçµæã®è§£éã«ã€ããŠæ¹å€ããããŸãã (åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ, åç §ç®æ)
è£è¶³1ïŒçšèªè§£èª¬
- ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ã㌠(Cantril Ladder): 人çã0ãã10段éã®ã¯ããã«äŸããçŸåšèªåãã©ã®æ®µã«ãããšæããããå°ãã質åã䞻芳çãªç掻è©äŸ¡ã枬ããããäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°(WHR)ã§äžå¿çã«çšããããŠããŸããããããå¹žçŠæãã®ãã®ããã瀟äŒçæåãå¯ãžã®æèãåæ ãããããšã®æ¹å€ããããŸãã
(Wikipedia: Cantril ladder) - äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã° (World Happiness Report, WHR): åœé£ã®æç¶å¯èœãªéçºãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã»ãããã¯ãŒã¯(SDSN)ãçºè¡ããå¹Žæ¬¡å ±åæžãäž»ã«ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®åçã«åºã¥ããGDPãå¥åº·å¯¿åœã瀟äŒçæ¯æŽãªã©ãèæ
®ããŠåœå¥ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãäœæããŠããŸãããã®æ¹æ³è«ãçµæã®è§£éã«ã¯è°è«ããããŸãã
(Wikipedia: World Happiness Report) - 䞻芳ç幞çŠåºŠ (Subjective Well-Being, SWB): å¿çåŠãªã©ã§çšããããæŠå¿µã§ãå人ãèªåã®äººçãã©ãã ã幞çŠã ãšæããŠãããã瀺ããŸããéåžžããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠããããžãã£ãææ
ãããã¬ãã£ãææ
ã®æ¬ åŠãã®3èŠçŽ ãããªããšãããŸãã
(Wikipedia: 䞻芳ç幞çŠåºŠ) - åœæ°ç·å¹žçŠé (Gross National Happiness, GNH): ããŒã¿ã³çåœãæå±ãããGDPã«ä»£ããåœã®çºå±ææšãçµæžã ãã§ãªããæåãç°å¢ãè¯ã統治ã粟ç¥çãªè±ãããªã©ãç·åçã«è©äŸ¡ããŸãã
(Wikipedia: åœæ°ç·å¹žçŠé) - ã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒ (Media Literacy): ã¡ãã£ã¢ããã®æ
å ±ãæ¹å€çã«è©äŸ¡ããçè§£ããæŽ»çšããèœåã®ããšãæ
å ±ãæº¢ããçŸä»£ã«ãããŠã誀æ
å ±ãåã£ãå ±éã«æããããªãããã«éèŠãšãããŠããŸãã
(Wikipedia: ã¡ãã£ã¢ã»ãªãã©ã·ãŒ) - Eudaimonia (ãšãŠãã€ã¢ãã¢): å€ä»£ã®ãªã·ã£èªã§ã幞çŠããæå³ããŸãããåãªã快楜ã§ã¯ãªãã人éãšããŠã®åŸ³ãçºæ®ããããçããããšãæããããæ·±ãæŠå¿µã§ããã¢ãªã¹ããã¬ã¹å²åŠã®äžå¿ã§ãã
(Wikipedia: Eudaimonia) - ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ (Yascha Mounk): ãã€ãçãŸãã®ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®æ¿æ²»åŠè
ããžã§ã³ãºã»ãããã³ã¹å€§åŠé«çåœéåé¡ç 究倧åŠé¢(SAIS)ææããªãã©ã«ã»ãã¢ã¯ã©ã·ãŒãããã¥ãªãºã ãã¢ã€ãã³ãã£ãã£ã»ããªãã£ã¯ã¹ãªã©ãå°éãšããæŽ»çºãªèšè«æŽ»åãè¡ã£ãŠããŸããéèªãPersuasionãã®åµèšè
ã§ããããŸãã
(Wikipedia: Yascha Mounk)
è£è¶³2ïŒæœåšçèªè ã®ããã«
ãã®èšäºãå€ãã®æ¹ã«èªãã§ããã ãããã«ãããã€ãã®ã¿ã€ãã«æ¡ãããã·ã¥ã¿ã°æ¡ãªã©ãèããŠã¿ãŸããïŒâš
ãã£ãããŒãªã¿ã€ãã«æ¡ïŒ
- ãè¡æãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯åã ã£ãïŒã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ãæŽãäžéœåãªçå® ð€ #幞çŠåºŠ #ããŒã¿ #忬§ã®è¬
- ãã£ã³ã©ã³ã1äœã¯æ¬åœïŒð€ äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®èœãšã穎ãšãæ¬åœã®å¹žçŠãã®æž¬ãæ¹ #WHR #å¹žçŠ #ã©ã³ãã³ã°æ¹å€
- éšããããªïŒã¡ãã£ã¢ãäŒããªããäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã®è£åŽ ð ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ã®èŠå #ã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒ #幞çŠãšã¯
- ããªãã®å¹žçŠã枬ããŸããïŒ äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãžã®çåãšãæåã§éãã幞ããã®ã«ã¿ã ð #倿§æ§ #å¹žçŠæ
- ãã©ã³ãã³ã°æ¹å€ããªã忬§ã¯å¹žçŠåºŠãé«ãã®ã«ç²Ÿç¥è¡çã«èª²é¡ïŒWHRã®ççŸã培åºè§£èª¬ïŒ #ã€ã·ã£ã¢ã³ã¯ #幞çŠã®ãã©ããã¯ã¹
SNSå ±æçšããã·ã¥ã¿ã°æ¡ïŒ
- #äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°
- #幞çŠåºŠ
- #ã€ã·ã£ã¢ã³ã¯
- #ã©ã³ãã³ã°æ¹å€
- #ã«ã³ããªã«ã©ããŒ
- #幞çŠã®æž¬ãæ¹
- #忬§ã®å¹žçŠ
- #ã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒ
- #çµ±èšã®çœ
- #幞çŠãšã¯
- #ãŠã§ã«ããŒã€ã³ã°
- #æåãšå¹žçŠ
SNSå ±æçšæç« æ¡ïŒ120å以å ïŒïŒ
æ¯å¹Žè©±é¡ã®äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãå®ã¯ãã€ã³ãããããïŒð± ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãææããæž¬å®æ¹æ³ã®åé¡ç¹ã忬§ã®ççŸãã¡ãã£ã¢ã®å ±éå§¿å¢ã解説ïŒãæ¬åœã®å¹žçŠããšã¯äœããèããããããŸãð€ #äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã° #ã€ã·ã£ã¢ã³ã¯ #幞çŠåºŠ èšäºURL
ãã£ã³ã©ã³ã1äœã¯ãªãïŒð€ äžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°(WHR)ã®æ¹æ³è«ã«ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ãéãåã蟌ãïŒæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ãä»£æ¿ææšã玹ä»ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®æ°åã«æãããããæ¬è³ªãèŠæããã³ãã«âš #幞çŠåºŠ #ã©ã³ãã³ã°æ¹å€ #ã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒ èšäºURL
ããã¯ããŒã¯çšã¿ã°ïŒäžè¡ïŒïŒ
[幞çŠåºŠ][ã©ã³ãã³ã°][WHR][ã€ã·ã£ã¢ã³ã¯][æ¹å€][æ¹æ³è«][ã«ã³ããªã«ã©ããŒ][忬§][ã¡ãã£ã¢][çµ±èš]
ãã®èšäºã«ããã¿ãªã®çµµæåïŒ
ð€ ð ð ð â ð ð° ð§ð¡ðð§ð¯ðµð«ð®ð©ð°ðžðª
ã«ã¹ã¿ã ããŒããªã³ã¯æ¡ïŒ
- world-happiness-report-critique-mounk
- is-whr-a-sham-yascha-mounk
- measuring-happiness-beyond-rankings
- cultural-bias-happiness-report
- rethinking-world-happiness-index
è£è¶³3ïŒæ³å®åçïŒåŠäŒçºè¡šé¢šïŒ
çºè¡šè ïŒçè ïŒ: ãâŠä»¥äžãã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ãäžå¿ã«ãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®æ¹æ³è«çåé¡ç¹ãç¹ã«ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒãžã®äŸåãšæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ã®å¯èœæ§ããããŠã¡ãã£ã¢å ±éã®åé¡ã«ã€ããŠèå¯ããŸããã幞çŠãšããè€éãªæŠå¿µãåäžã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã§æããããšã®éçã瀺åããããå€è§çã§æåçã«ææãªã¢ãããŒãã®å¿ èŠæ§ã蚎ããããšæããŸãããæž èŽããããšãããããŸãããã
åžäŒ: ãããããšãããããŸãããããã§ã¯ã質çå¿çã«ç§»ããŸããã質åã®ããæ¹ã¯ææããé¡ãããããŸããã
質åè A: ãéåžžã«è峿·±ããçºè¡šãããããšãããããŸããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ã¯çè§£ã§ããŸããããäžæ¹ã§WHRã¯GDPã瀟äŒçæ¯æŽãšãã£ãå®¢èŠ³çææšãèæ ®ã«å ¥ããŠããŸããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã ãã«åé¡ãéçŽããã®ã¯ãWHRã®åæå šäœãéå°è©äŸ¡ããããšã«ã¯ãªããŸãããïŒã
çºè¡šè : ããææããããšãããããŸãã確ãã«WHRã¯6ã€ã®äž»èŠå€æ°ã幞çŠåºŠã®ã説æèŠå ããšããŠåæã«çšããŠããŸããããããã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã®ãã®ã®ç®åºã«ãããŠã¯ãäŸç¶ãšããŠã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®åœæ°å¹³åã¹ã³ã¢ãçŽæ¥çãªåºç€ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã6ã€ã®å€æ°ã¯ããªãåœã«ãã£ãŠãã®ã¹ã³ã¢ã«å·®ãåºãã®ããã説æãããããã«åŸããå°å ¥ããããã®ã§ãããã©ã³ãã³ã°èªäœãæ§æããäž»æåã§ã¯ãããŸãããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®æ¹å€ã®æ žå¿ã¯ããã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ç®åºã®æ ¹å¹¹ã«ããææšã®åŠ¥åœæ§ãžã®åãããã§ããã6ã€ã®å€æ°ã®ååšããã®åé¡ãå®å šã«è§£æ¶ãããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããšããç¹ã«ãããšèããŸããã
質åè B: ãä»£æ¿ææšãšããŠBlanchflower & Brysonã®ææ ææšãæããŠããããŸããããææ ã¯å€åãããããæž¬å®ã䞻芳ã«é ŒããããåŸãŸãããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®æ¹ããããå®å®ãã人çè©äŸ¡ãæããŠãããšããWHRåŽã®äž»åŒµã«ãäžçããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããïŒã
çºè¡šè : ãã¯ããææ ææšã®å€åæ§ã䞻芳æ§ãéèŠãªè«ç¹ã§ããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒãæ¯èŒçå®å®ããè©äŸ¡ãæããåŽé¢ãããããšã¯åŠå®ããŸããããããããå®å®æ§ããå¿ ããããåŠ¥åœæ§ããã幞çŠã®å šäœåããæå³ããããã§ã¯ãªãããšããã®ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ãä»£æ¿ææšã®ç ç©¶è ãã¡ã®äž»åŒµã§ãã人çè©äŸ¡ïŒæºè¶³åºŠïŒãšææ ççµéšïŒæ¥ã ã®åã³ãæ²ãã¿ïŒã¯ã幞çŠãæ§æããç°ãªãåŽé¢ã§ãããã©ã¡ããäžæ¹ã ãã§ã¯äžååã§ããçæ³çã«ã¯ãè€æ°ã®ç°ãªãçš®é¡ã®ã¢ãããŒãïŒäººçè©äŸ¡ãææ ãããã«ã¯eudemonicãªåŽé¢ïŒçããããç®çæèãªã©ïŒãçµã¿åãããããšã§ããããã©ã³ã¹ã®åãã幞çŠã®çè§£ã«è¿ã¥ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ãããããã
質åè C: ãæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ã®åé¡ã¯æ·±å»ã ãšæããŸãããå®å šã«æåäžç«çãªå¹žçŠææšãäœæããããšã¯å¯èœãªã®ã§ããããïŒ æ¯èŒå¯èœãªåœéã©ã³ãã³ã°ãäœãäžã§ã®çŸå®çãªåŠ¥åç¹ãšããŠãçŸåšã®WHRã®æ¹æ³è«ã«ãäžå®ã®æçŸ©ãããã®ã§ã¯ïŒã
çºè¡šè : ãéåžžã«æ¬è³ªçãªã質åãããããšãããããŸããå®å šã«æåäžç«çãªææšã®äœæã¯ã極ããŠå°é£ããããã¯äžå¯èœã«è¿ããããããŸãããããããã ãããšãã£ãŠçŸç¶ã®æ¹æ³è«ã®éçãç¡èŠããŠè¯ãããã§ã¯ãããŸãããéèŠãªã®ã¯ãâ çŸåšã®ææšãæã€ãã€ã¢ã¹ãæç¢ºã«èªèããå ¬è¡šããããšãâ¡å¯èœãªéã倿§ãªæåã®äŸ¡å€èгãåãå ¥ããåªåãç¶ããããšïŒäŸãã°ãå°åããšã«ç°ãªã質åé ç®ãå°å ¥ãããªã©ïŒãâ¢åäžã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã ãã§ãªãã幞çŠã«é¢ãã倿§ãªåŽé¢ã瀺ãè€æ°ã®ææšã質çããŒã¿ãæäŸããããšãã ãšèããŸããåœéæ¯èŒã®ãåãããããããšãæåç倿§æ§ã®å°éãšãããäºã€ã®èŠè«ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãã©ãåãããç¶ç¶çãªè°è«ãšæ¹åãå¿ èŠã§ããã
åžäŒ: ããæéãšãªããŸããã®ã§ã質çå¿çã¯ããã§çµäºãããŠããã ããŸããçºè¡šè ã®æ¹ã«ä»äžåºŠå€§ããªææããé¡ãããããŸããã
è£è¶³4ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒ2ch/ã¯ãŠã/ãã³å颚ïŒãšåè«
2ã¡ããããïŒçŸ5ã¡ããããïŒé¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
- ããŸãæèé«ãç³»ã®åŠè ãé£çã€ããŠãã ãã ãw ãã£ã³ã©ã³ãæåŒ·ïŒã
- ãã«ã³ããªã«ã©ããŒwww ååããããŠè¡æ£èãã
- ãæ¥æ¬ãäœãã®ã¯èªèå²èгãšãã¹ã³ãã®ããïŒïœ·ïŸïœ¯ã
- ãã§ãå®éã忬§ã£ãŠé¬±å€ãããããïŒ éªåœã ãæ¥ç §æéçããã
- ããæ²å ±ãã¯ã€ãã®å¹žçŠåºŠã枬å®äžèœã
- ããœãŒã¹ã¯ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ãšããã誰ã ãwã
åè«ïŒ åãªãå°è±¡è«ãã¬ããã«è²Œãã§çä»ãããæç€ºãããŠããããŒã¿ïŒNilssonãã®ç ç©¶ãBlanchflowerãã®ç ç©¶ã粟ç¥è¡çææšãªã©ïŒãè«çïŒæ¹æ³è«ã®éçãæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ïŒãèŠãŠè°è«ããŸãããïŒ ã誰ãèšã£ãããã§ã¯ãªããäœãèšã£ãŠãããããéèŠã§ãã忬§ã®ç¶æ³ããåçŽãªã€ã¡ãŒãžã ãã§ãªãã瀟äŒã·ã¹ãã ãšå人ã®å¹žçŠæã®è€éãªé¢ä¿æ§ãèããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
( ÂŽÐïœ)=3 ïŸïœ§
ã¯ãŠãªããã¯ããŒã¯ã³ã¡ã³ã颚ïŒ
- ãããã¯è¯èšäºãWHRã®æ°åã ãèŠãŠäžåäžæããŠãèªåãåçãã
- ãããšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ±ããã¡ãã£ã¢è«ãšããŠãè峿·±ãææãã
- ã幞çŠã®å€æ¬¡å æ§ãæž¬å®æ¹æ³ãå€ããã°çµæãå€ãããšããã®ã¯ãçµ±èšã®åºæ¬ã ãã©å¿ããã¡ãã
- ãããšã§èªãããã¯ãæšå¥šãã
- ãæ¥æ¬ã®å Žåã幞çŠåºŠãããå®å¿åºŠããšãã諊芳床ãã®æ¹ãé«ãã®ã§ã¯âŠã
- ãã¢ã³ã¯ãæè¿ããèŠãååã ãªãPersuasion賌èªããŠã¿ãããã
åè«ïŒãšããããè£è¶³ïŒïŒ ããããšãããããŸãã幞çŠã®å€æ¬¡å æ§ã枬å®ã®éçãã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒãšãã£ãèŠç¹ã¯ããã®åé¡ãèããäžã§éåžžã«éèŠã§ããããå®å¿ããã諊芳ããšãã£ãæ¥æ¬ç¹æãããããªãæèŠãšãåœéçãªå¹žçŠåºŠææšãšã®é¢ä¿ãæ¢ãã®ãé¢çœãããŒãã«ãªãããã§ãã
ããã¯ããŒã¯ããããšãããããŸãïŒ (b^ïŸ)!!
ãã³ãã³åç»ã³ã¡ã³ã颚ïŒåç»ã«ãã®èšäºã®è§£èª¬ãã€ãããšä»®å®ïŒïŒ
- ããã£ã³ã©ã³ããããåã ããªâŠïŒã
- ãã¯ããïœïœïœ 人çã²ãŒã ããïœïœïœã
- ãçµ±èšã®ããªãã¯ãããã
- ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒææïŒã
- ããŸãæ¥æ¬ã¯äžå¹žå®æã
- ãã€ãŸã俺ãäžå¹žãªã®ã¯ç€ŸäŒã®ããã
- ããšãŠãã€ã¢ãã¢ïŒïœ·ïŸïœ¯ã
- ãç°è°ããïŒã
- ããã£ãšææ ã倧äºã«ããã£ãŠããšãïŒã
- ãâãããªã
- ãäž»ã³ã¡GJïŒã
åè«ïŒ ã³ã¡ã³ãããããšãããããŸãïŒ ( ÂŽâïœ)ïŸ é¢çœãã£ãŠããã ããéšåãããããšæããŸããããçµ±èšã®ããªãã¯ããšããããã¯ãææšã®éçãããè§£éã®æ³šæç¹ããšæããæ¹ãæ£ç¢ºãããããŸãããå人ã®å¹žçŠãšç€ŸäŒã®é¢ä¿ã¯è€éã§ããããã®èšäºãäœããèãããã£ããã«ãªãã°å¬ããã§ãããç°è°ããæè¿ã§ãïŒ ãã²å ·äœçãªãæèŠããèãããã ããã
( ÂŽèžïœ)ïŸïŸïŸïŸïŸïŸ
è£è¶³5ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒãªãJæ°é¢šïŒãšãã¡ããã
ãªãJæ°é¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
- ããã¡ãïŒïŒ ã¯ã€ãã®å¹žçŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã€ã³ãããã£ãããïŒïŒã
- ã忬§äžãèšäºã°ã£ãããšæã£ãããããw èã
- ãã«ã³ããªã«ã©ããŒãšãããè¬çè«www ãµã³ãã¥ãŒã¢ã³ã¯ã
- ãæ¥æ¬51äœïŒ ãã£ãšäžããæ®éã«èããŠâŠã
- ã圡(ïŸ)(ïŸ)ãã¯ã€ã®äººçãã¯ããã®ãã€ãã¹æ®µãâŠãã
- ãããïŒå¹žçŠåºŠäžããããã«çšéãã¥ãŒãã¥ãŒãããïŒâããã
- ãã¡ãã£ã¢ããã£ã³ã©ã³ãæé«ïŒã ã¢ã³ã¯ãã¯ïŒã ã¯ã€ããïŒãã
- ãçµå±ãéãšå¥åº·ãšããããããã°å¹žãã£ãŠããšããïŒïŸïœ¯ïœºïŸã
ãã¡ãããã¬ã¹ïŒ
ããããããã€ã³ãããã©ããã¯çœ®ããšããŠãæ°åã®è£åŽèŠãŠã¿ãããã£ãŠè©±ãã§ ðã
ã忬§ã¢ã²ããµã²ããã©ã£ã¡ãåçŽããããïŒð€ 宿
ã¯ãã£ãšè€éãããªãã
ãã«ã³ããªã«ã©ããŒãååã¯ã¢ã¬ããã©äžå¿ã¡ãããšããç ç©¶è
ãèããããã§w ãŸãéçã¯ãããããã©ãªã
ãé äœæ°ã«ããåã«ããŸãã¯ãåã®éšå±çä»ãããâŠã£ãŠã®ã¯çœ®ããšããŠãæ¥æ¬ã®å¹žçŠæã£ãŠã ãºãããªã
ã圡(^)(^)ãã¯ããã®æ®µæ°ããã仿¥é£²ãããŒã«ã®çŸå³ãããïŒãâŠã£ãŠèšãããæ°æã¡ãåããã§wã
ãçšéã®è©±ã¯âŠãŸããããã幞çŠãšæ¿æ²»ã¯åã£ãŠãåããããªð
ã
ãã¡ãã£ã¢éµåã¿ã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãã¢ã³ã¯éµåã¿ãã¢ã«ã³ãèªåã§èããããã§ðªã
ãéïŒå¥åº·ïŒãããïŒâŠãããªããããäžçªå€§äºãããããâŠã£ãŠããããïŒïŒð€£ ãªãJæ°ã®ãããæã¯ç°åžžwã
( ÂŽâïœ)Ï)â`)ïŸïŸïŸïŸ
è£è¶³6ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒã¬ã«ã¡ãã/ãžã¢ãã£ãŒæ°é¢šïŒãšåè«
ã¬ãŒã«ãºã¡ããããïŒã¬ã«ã¡ããïŒé¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
- ãããŒïŒãã£ã³ã©ã³ãã£ãŠå¹žããªåœã ãšæã£ãŠãã®ã«ïŒã·ã§ãã¯âŠã
- ãããããã©ã³ãã³ã°é«ããŠããå®éäœãã ãè²ã 倧å€ãããã
- ãæ¥æ¬ãäœãã®ã¯ãåšãã®ç®æ°ã«ãããã ãããããªãïŒã
- ããéããã£ãŠã幞ããšã¯éããªãã£ãŠããšãããã
- ãçµå±ã¯å¿ã®åé¡ïŒ ã§ãæäœéã®ç掻ä¿éã¯æ¬²ãããã
- ãã¡ãã£ã¢ã£ãŠæ¬åœããå æžã ãããŒãããä¿¡ãã¡ãããã
- ãã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ïŒ ãªããé£ãããã ãã©ãèšã£ãŠãããšã¯åããæ°ããããã
- ããã¡ã®æŠé£ã幞çŠåºŠäœããâŠïŒæçŽïŒã
åè«ïŒ ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®çµæã«é©ãããæ¹ããããããããŸãããããã®èšäºã¯ãã£ã³ã©ã³ããäžå¹žã ãšèšã£ãŠããããã§ã¯ãããŸããããã ãã幞çŠåºŠããšããäžã€ã®æ°åã ãã§ã¯èŠããªãåŽé¢ïŒäŸãã°ç²Ÿç¥çãªæ©ã¿ïŒããããããããªãããšããããšã§ãããåšãã®ç®ãæ°ã«ããæåãããéãšå¹žçŠã®é¢ä¿ãå¿ã®æã¡ãããçæŽ»ä¿éã®éèŠæ§ãªã©ãçãããæããŠããã£ãããããšã¯ããŸãã«å¹žçŠãèããäžã§å€§åãªèŠç¹ã ãšæããŸããã¡ãã£ã¢ã®æ å ±ã«ã¯æ³šæãå¿ èŠããšããç¹ãåæã§ããé£ããèšèããããŸãããèŠã¯ãæ°åã ãã§å€æããªãã§ããã£ãšè²ã ãªè§åºŠããèŠãŠã¿ãããããšããææ¡ã ãšæããŠããã ããã°å¹žãã§ããæŠé£ããã®å¹žçŠåºŠã¯âŠãã£ãšèŠå®ã£ãŠãããŠãã ããð ã
( ÂŽ ✠` )ïŸ
ãžã¢ãã£ãŒæ°é¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒå°åã®æ²ç€ºæ¿ãæ³å®ïŒïŒ
- ã幞çŠåºŠããâŠãã¡ã¯ä»ã®ç掻ã§åå幞ãã ãã©ãªãã
- ãè¿æã®ãããããšãè¶é£²ã¿è©±ããŠãæãäžçªå¹žãããïŒç¬ïŒã
- ãäžçã©ã³ãã³ã°ãšãèšãããŠããã³ãšããªããªãããããææ¥ã®ãŽãåºãæ¥ã®æ¹ã倧äºãã
- ããã£ã³ã©ã³ãïŒ è¡ã£ãããšãªãããåããããã
- ããã®èšäºèªãã§ããªããå®å¿ãããé äœãäœãããã£ãŠèœã¡èŸŒãå¿ èŠãªããã ããã
- ãé£ããããšã¯åããããã©ãèŠã¯èãæ¹æ¬¡ç¬¬ã£ãŠããšïŒã
- ãäžçšåãè²ããŸãã幞çŠåºŠãäžãããšãããªãã
åè«ïŒ ããã§ãããïŒäžçã©ã³ãã³ã°ãäžã€ã®èŠæ¹ã§ãããäžçªå€§åãªã®ã¯ãçãããæ¥ã ã®äžã§æããŠããå ·äœçãªå¹žããã身è¿ãªäººãšã®ç¹ããã§ãããããŽãåºãæ¥ã確ãã«éèŠã§ãïŒð ãã®èšäºããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«æ¯ãåãããã«ãèªåãªãã®å¹žããã倧åã«ãããã£ããã«ãªã£ããªãå¬ããã§ãããèãæ¹æ¬¡ç¬¬ããšããã®ãã幞çŠã®å€§äºãªèŠçŽ ã ãšæããŸããäžçšåãè¯ããçžããããšããã§ããïŒâš
(ââœâ)
è£è¶³7ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒã€ãã³ã¡/ã³ã¡ã³ããã©ã¹é¢šïŒãšåè«
Yahoo!ãã¥ãŒã¹ ã³ã¡ã³ãïŒã€ãã³ã¡ïŒé¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
- ããã®èšäºã¯çãå°ãŠãããæ¥æ¬ã®é äœãäœãã®ã¯ãææšèªäœãæ¥æ¬æåã«åã£ãŠããªãããã ããããããã幞çŠãªããŠäž»èгçãªãã®ãé äœä»ãããããšèªäœãã³ã»ã³ã¹ããïŒããæãð倿°ïŒ
- ããã£ã³ã©ã³ãæè·ãããããããªããã瀟äŒä¿éãæè²ã®å å®åºŠã¯äºå®ãèªæ®ºçã ãã§äžå¹žãšæ±ºãã€ããã®ã¯ç絡çãå»çã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãè¯ã蚌æ ãšãèšããããïŒããæãðããããïŒ
- ãã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒã®åé¡ãèŠåºãã ãèŠãŠãæ¥æ¬ã¯äžå¹žãªåœããšæã蟌ã人ãå€ãããããã£ãšå€è§çãªå ±éãå¿ èŠã ããïŒããæãð倿°ïŒ
- ãçµå±ãçµæžçãªè±ãããããçšåºŠãªããšãéžæè¢ãéãããŠå¹žçŠã«ã¯ãªãã«ãããçæ³è«ã ãã§ã¯çããŠãããªãããïŒããæãðããããïŒ
- ãã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®ä»ã®äž»åŒµïŒããã¥ãªãºã æ¹å€ãªã©ïŒã䜵ããŠèªããšã圌ã®ç«ã¡äœçœ®ãããçè§£ã§ããããïŒããæãðå°æ°ïŒ
- ãã§ãçµå±ã©ãããã°æ¥æ¬äººã¯å¹žãã«ãªããã®ïŒ æ¹å€ã ããããªããŠè§£æ±ºçã瀺ããŠã»ããããïŒããæãðããããïŒ
åè«ïŒ æ§ã ãªãæèŠããããšãããããŸããææšãšæåã®äžäžèŽã幞çŠã®äž»èгæ§ã瀟äŒä¿éã®éèŠæ§ãã¡ãã£ã¢ãªãã©ã·ãŒã®å¿ èŠæ§ãªã©ãå€ãã®ãææã¯ãã®éãã ãšæããŸããèªæ®ºçã®è§£éãé£ããç¹ãåæã§ããçµæžçåºç€ã®éèŠæ§ãç¡èŠã§ããŸããããã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®ä»ã®è«èãåèã«ãªãããšæããŸãããã®èšäºã¯WHRæ¹å€ã®ç޹ä»ãäž»ç®çã§ããããã©ãããã°å¹žãã«ãªãããããšããåŠæ¹ç®ãæç€ºãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããããçµè«ã§è¿°ã¹ãããã«ã倿§ãªå¹žçŠã®ããæ¹ãèªããç»äžçãªææšã«é ŒããªãèŠç¹ãæã€ããšãã解決çãèããäžã§ã®ç¬¬äžæ©ã«ãªãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããã
m(_ _)m
ã³ã¡ã³ããã©ã¹ïŒæèè ã³ã¡ã³ãïŒé¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
- çµæžåŠè Aæ°: ãã¢ã³ã¯æ°ã®ææã¯ã幞çŠåºŠç ç©¶ã«ãããæž¬å®è«ã®æ žå¿ãçªããŠããŸããç¹ã«ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®éçã¯èšéçµæžåŠã§ãè°è«ãããŠããŸãããBlanchflower & Brysonã®ç ç©¶ã¯ãææ ç幞çŠ(affective well-being)ãšè©äŸ¡ç幞çŠ(evaluative well-being)ã®ä¹é¢ã瀺ã奜äŸãæ¿ççã«ã¯ãåäžææšã«äŸåãããWell-beingããã·ã¥ããŒãã®ãããªå€è§çã¢ãããŒããæãŸããã§ããããã
- æå人é¡åŠè Bæ°: ãã幞çŠãã®æ®éæ§ãåãçŽããéèŠãªè«èã§ããæåçžå¯Ÿäž»çŸ©ã®èгç¹ããèŠãã°ãWHRã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯è¥¿æŽè¿ä»£çãªå人䞻矩ç䟡å€èгãæé»ã®åæãšããŠãããé西æŽç€ŸäŒã®éåç幞çŠãé¢ä¿è«çãªå¹žçŠæãæããããŠããŸãããæ¥æ¬ã®ãçããããããäžéããšãã£ãæŠå¿µãã©ãææšåããããä»åŸã®èª²é¡ã§ããã
- ãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãCæ°: ãã¡ãã£ã¢ã®è²¬ä»»ã¯éãã§ãããWHRã®ãããªåãããããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯ãã¥ãŒã¹ããªã¥ãŒãé«ãã宿ã«é£ã³ã€ããã¡ã§ããããã®èæ¯ãéçãå ±ããåªåãæ ã£ãŠã¯ãªããŸãããããšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ±ããšããææã¯è³ãçãã§ãããèªæã蟌ããŠåãæ¢ããã¹ãã§ããããèªè åŽã®ãªãã©ã·ãŒåäžãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããã
åè«ïŒãšããããå¿çïŒïŒ å°éå®¶ã®çæ§ã貎éãªãæèŠããããšãããããŸããçµæžåŠãæå人é¡åŠããžã£ãŒããªãºã ãããããã®èŠç¹ããåé¡ãæ·±æãããã ãã倧å€åèã«ãªããŸããæž¬å®è«ã®èª²é¡ãæåççžå¯Ÿæ§ãã¡ãã£ã¢ã®åœ¹å²ãæ¿çãžã®ç€ºåãªã©ããææããã ããç¹ã¯ããŸãã«ãã®èšäºã§äŒãããã£ãæ žå¿éšåãšéãªããŸããWell-beingããã·ã¥ããŒãã®ãããªå€è§çã¢ãããŒãããæ¥æ¬ç¬èªã®å¹žçŠæŠå¿µã®æ¢æ±ã¯ãä»åŸã®éèŠãªæ¹åæ§ã§ãããåŒãç¶ãã建èšçãªè°è«ãæ·±ãŸãããšãæåŸ ããŸãã
Ï(..)ã¡ã¢ã¡ã¢
è£è¶³9ïŒãããã®åå¿äºæž¬ïŒTiktok/ãã€ãã§ã/çãµã€æ°é¢šïŒãšåè«
TiktokãŠãŒã¶ãŒé¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒçãåç»ã³ã¡ã³ããæ³å®ïŒïŒ
- ããããã£ã³ã©ã³ã1äœãããªãã®ïŒð¥º ãªããã·ã§ãã¯âŠã
- ãé·ããŠèªããw èŠçŽããðã
- ãã€ãŸããããããŒã¯äººããããã£ãŠããšïŒâšã
- ã忬§è¡ã£ãŠã¿ããã£ããã©ãç ãã®ããªâŠð°ã
- ãæ¥æ¬51äœw ãŠã±ãðã
- ã#幞çŠåºŠ #ã©ã³ãã³ã° #æå€ãªçå®ã
åè«ïŒ èŠãŠãããŠããããšãïŒð èŠçŽãããšãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã£ãŠãæž¬ãæ¹ã«åé¡ããããïŒð€ 忬§1äœãéµåã¿ã«ã§ããªããã幞ãã®åœ¢ã¯è²ã ã ãâšãã£ãŠæãããªïŒ ãã£ã³ã©ã³ããç ãã£ãŠãããããªããã©ãæ°åã ãããåãããªãããšãããã£ãŠããšïŒ æ¥æ¬ã®é äœãæ°ã«ãããããèªåã®ããããŒèŠã€ããã£ð #ããžãã£ãæè
â*:.. o(â§âœâŠ)o ..:*â
ãã€ãã§ãïŒTwitteräžã®ãã§ããã¹ãã®äžéšïŒé¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
- ã幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãªããŠãçµå±ã¯å®¶ç¶é·å¶ç€ŸäŒã®äŸ¡å€èгïŒçµæžåãå°äœïŒãåæ ããŠãã ãã§ããã女æ§ã®çã®å¹žçŠã¯æž¬ããŠãªããã
- ã忬§ã¢ãã«ãçæ³åããã®ãçåããžã§ã³ããŒã®ã£ããææ°ã¯é«ããã©ãDVãæ§æŽåã®åé¡ãæ ¹æ·±ãã衚é¢çãªå¹žçŠåºŠã§èª€éåããªãã§ã»ãããã
- ãç·æ§äžå¿ã®ãæåããã¯ããã«äŸããã«ã³ããªã«ã©ããŒèªäœãããœãžããŒçãã
- ãã¡ãã£ã¢ãç·æ§ç®ç·ã®å ±éã°ããã女æ§ã®å¹žçŠãå°é£ãèŠãã«ãããªã£ãŠããã
åè«ïŒ ãžã§ã³ããŒã®èŠç¹ããã®ãææãããããšãããããŸãã幞çŠåºŠææšãæ¢åã®ç€ŸäŒæ§é ãæš©åé¢ä¿ïŒå®¶ç¶é·å¶ãªã©ïŒãåæ ã»åçç£ããŠããŸãå¯èœæ§ã¯ãéåžžã«éèŠãªè«ç¹ã§ããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã枬ãã人çã®è©äŸ¡ãããäŒçµ±çãªç·æ§çãªæå芳ã«åã£ãŠãããšããè§£éãæãç«ã€ãããããŸããã忬§è«žåœã®ãžã§ã³ããŒå¹³çéæåºŠãšãDVçã®åé¡ã䜵åããè€éããèªèããå¿ èŠããããŸãã幞çŠåºŠãè°è«ããéã«ã¯ããžã§ã³ããŒå¹³çã倿§ãªçãæ¹ïŒã±ã¢åŽåã®äŸ¡å€ãã¯ãŒã¯ã©ã€ããã©ã³ã¹ãªã©ïŒãååã«èæ ®ãããããå æ¬çãªææšãåæãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããšãããæèŠã¯ããã®èšäºã®è°è«ãããã«æ·±ãããã®ã ãšæããŸãã
(ïœã»Ïã»ÂŽ)ã
çãµã€æ°ïŒå°åå¯çåæ²ç€ºæ¿ïŒé¢šã³ã¡ã³ãïŒ
- ãã©ãŒãæ±äº¬ã®ãšãªãŒããæ±ºããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã ãïŒ ä¿ºãã®çºã®å¹žçŠåºŠã¯ä¿ºããæ±ºããããã
- ããã£ã³ã©ã³ãïŒ ç¥ãããŒããããããããïŒå°å ã®ããã³ã³åºïŒã®æ°å°ãæ°ã«ãªãããã
- ãåŠè ã®èšãããšãªããŠä¿¡çšã§ãããè¡æ£èããã
- ãæ¥æ¬ãäœãïŒ åœããåã ããæ¿æ²»å®¶ãã¢ã¬ãªãã ãããã
- ãçµå±ãå«ãšåäŸãå æ°ãªãããã§ããããã
- ããã®èšäºæžãã奎ããã¡ã®å°å ã«æ¥ãŠã¿ãããæ¬åœã®å¹žãæãããããã
åè«ïŒ å°åã«æ ¹å·®ãããæèŠãããã£ãïŒðª äžçã©ã³ãã³ã°ãšãèšãããŠãããã£ã±èªåã®åšãã®ç掻ãäžçªå€§äºã£ããããæ¿æ²»ãžã®äžæºãããŸãåãããŸãâŠãå®¶æãå æ°ãªã®ãäžçªããããããžã§ççã ãšæããŸããð åŠè ãšããšãªãŒããšããããããæ¬ãã§èŠããããšã¢ã¬ã§ããããã®èšäºããã©ã³ãã³ã°ã ããå šãŠãããªããïŒãã£ãŠèšã£ãŠããã§ãæ ¹ã£ãã¯çãããšè¿ããããããŸãããå°å ã®ãªã¢ã«ãªå¹žãããã€ãæããŠãã ããïŒ (ï¿£ãŒï¿£)ïŸïŸïŸ
è£è¶³10ïŒæšèŠå³æž
ãã®èšäºã®ããŒãïŒå¹žçŠåºŠãã©ã³ãã³ã°æ¹å€ã枬å®ã®éçãæåå·®ãã¡ãã£ã¢ïŒãããæ·±ãçè§£ããããã«ã以äžã®æžç±ãããããããŸããïŒAmazonãªã³ã¯ã¯ä»ããŸããããã¿ã€ãã«ã§æ€çŽ¢ããŠã¿ãŠãã ããïŒ
-
ããã¡ã¯ããã«ãã¹ã (ãã³ã¹ã»ãã¹ãªã³ã°ä»è)
ããŒã¿ãçµ±èšã«åºã¥ããŠäžçãæ£ããèŠãæ¹æ³ãæããŠããããã¹ãã»ã©ãŒãç§ãã¡ãé¥ããã¡ãª10ã®æã蟌ã¿ïŒåææ¬èœããã¬ãã£ãæ¬èœãªã©ïŒã解説ããŠãããWHRã®ãããªã©ã³ãã³ã°ãçµ±èšããŒã¿ãæ¹å€çã«èªã¿è§£ãäžã§éåžžã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸããã¡ãã£ã¢å ±éã®åãã«ã€ããŠãéãææããããŸãã
[Googleæ€çŽ¢: ãã¡ã¯ããã«ãã¹] -
ã幞çŠã®æž¬å®ââãŠã§ã«ããŒã€ã³ã°ã瀟äŒèšèšã«ã©ã掻ãããã (倧竹æéãçœç³å°çŸåãçäºçŸ©éç·šè)
æ¥æ¬ã®å¹žçŠåºŠç ç©¶ã®å°éå®¶ãã¡ã«ããè«éã䞻芳ç幞çŠåºŠã®æž¬å®æ¹æ³ãçµæžåŠãå¿çåŠããã®ã¢ãããŒããæ¿çãžã®å¿çšå¯èœæ§ãªã©ãå¹ åºã解説ããŠããŸããWHRãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã«ã€ããŠãèšåããããæ¥æ¬ã«ããã幞çŠåºŠç ç©¶ã®çŸç¶ãç¥ãã®ã«é©ããŠããŸãã
[Googleæ€çŽ¢: 幞çŠã®æž¬å® 倧竹æé] -
ãThink Clearlyââææ°ã®åŠè¡ç ç©¶ããå°ããããããã人çãéãããã®æèæ³ã (ãã«ãã»ãããªè)
æ§ã ãªæèã®èª€ãïŒãã€ã¢ã¹ïŒããããè¯ãçããããã®ãã³ãããå¿çåŠãå²åŠã®ç¥èŠã«åºã¥ããŠç޹ä»ããŠããŸãããçµæãã€ã¢ã¹ãããã¹ããŒãªãŒãã€ã¢ã¹ããªã©ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã¡ãã£ã¢æ å ±ãåãåãéã«é¥ããããæèã®çœ ã«æ°ã¥ãããŠãããŸãã
[Googleæ€çŽ¢: Think Clearly ãã«ãã»ãããª] -
ããããããã¯ã©ãã«ããã®ã: ã¬ã¶ãã¬è³ç§åŠè¬çŸ©ã (ãã€ã±ã«ã»Sã»ã¬ã¶ãã¬è)
è³ç§åŠã®èŠç¹ããã人éã®æèãèªå·±ãèªç±æå¿ãšãã£ãåé¡ã解説ããŠããŸããã幞çŠããšãã䞻芳çãªæèŠããè³ã®äžã§ã©ã®ããã«çãŸããã®ãããããã¯ç€ŸäŒçãªçžäºäœçšã®äžã§ã©ã®ããã«æ§ç¯ãããã®ããèããäžã§ãåºç€çãªç¥èãäžããŠãããŸããïŒçŽæ¥çãªå¹žçŠåºŠæž¬å®ã®æ¬ã§ã¯ãããŸããããèæ¯çè§£ãšããŠïŒ
[Googleæ€çŽ¢: ãããããã¯ã©ãã«ããã®ã ã¬ã¶ãã¬] -
ãèãšåã (ã«ãŒã¹ã»ãããã£ã¯ãè)
æå人é¡åŠã®å€å žãç¬¬äºæ¬¡å€§æŠäžã«æžããããã®ã§ãããæ¥æ¬äººã®è¡åæ§åŒã䟡å€èгïŒãæ¥ã®æåããªã©ïŒãåæããŠãããå¹žçŠæã®æåçå·®ç°ãèããäžã§ãä»ãªã瀺åã«å¯ãã§ããŸãããªãæ¥æ¬ã®å¹žçŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãäœãåºãããã®ããæåçãªèæ¯ããèå¯ãããã³ãããããããããŸããã
[Googleæ€çŽ¢: èãšå]
è£è¶³11ïŒäžæ¹æŒ«æã幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã£ãŠãã»ããŸãããªïŒã
ïŒèå°äžå€®ã«ãã€ã¯ããã³ãã®è¯ãåºååãšãšãã«ãããžã¡ãšã¹ã¹ã ãç»å ŽïŒ
ããžã¡ïŒã©ãŒããŒïŒ ããžã¡ãšã¹ã¹ã ã§ãïŒ ãé¡ãããŸãïŒ
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒãé¡ãããŸããŒïŒ ãããŒãããžã¡åãæè¿ãã¥ãŒã¹ã§ããèŠããããããã®ãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã£ã¡ã ãŒãã€ã
ããžã¡ïŒããããã£ãšããªïŒ ãã£ã³ã©ã³ãããŸã1äœãã£ããšããããã€ããïŒ ãã®åœãã©ãã ã幞ããããã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒã»ããŸããã¯ã·ããã£ã³ã©ã³ãã«ç§»äœããããªæããã
ããžã¡ïŒãåããµãŠããšã ãŒãã³ãããããç¥ããããã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒãããããã¡ãããšèª¿ã¹ãŠãã§ïŒ ãªãããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒããã質åã§æ±ºããŠãããããã
ããžã¡ïŒã«ã³ãâŠäœïŒ ã«ã³ãã³ã°ããæ³¥æ£ã¿ãããªååããªã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒã¡ãããïŒ äººçã®ã¯ããããã¯ããïŒ 0ãã10ãŸã§ã®ã¯ããæ³åããŠãä»äœæ®µç®ã«ãããïŒã£ãŠèããããŠã
ããžã¡ïŒã¯ããïŒ ã»ããªããé³¶è·ã®äººãšãæå©ã¡ããããïŒ é«ããšãæ £ããŠããã10段ç®ãšãèšãããããã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒããããç©ççãªã¯ããã¡ããããïŒ äººçã®æºè¶³åºŠãã¯ããã«äŸããšãããã
ããžã¡ïŒãããããããããšããã§ããªãã¯ã·ãã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ã£ã¡ã ãŒåŠè ã®èšäºèªãã ãããã©ããã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãã¡ãã£ãšæªãããããã§ã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒããåããïŒïŒ ãã£ã³ã©ã³ãã®çãããããããªããïŒ ã¯ã·ã®ç§»äœèšç»ãçœçŽæ€åãïŒ
ããžã¡ïŒæ©ããïŒ äœãæªãããã£ã¡ã ãŒãšããã®ãã¯ãã質åããããªããéæã¡ãšãå°äœã®é«ã人ãæå©ãªè³ªåã«ãªã£ãŠããã¡ããããã£ãŠèšããšãããã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒãªãã»ã©ãªãŒãã¯ããç»ãèšãããããã£ã±åºäžãšãéå²ããšãã€ã¡ãŒãžãããããªã
ããžã¡ïŒãããïŒ ã»ããŸã®å¹žãã£ãŠãéã ãã¡ããããããäŸãã°ãé端ã§ç¶ºéºãªè±èŠã€ãããšãã飌ã£ãŠãç¬ããã£ã¡ãæããŠããããšãâŠ
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒâŠããšãå«ã¯ããç¥ããéã«ãžãããå¢ãããŠããšãã
ããžã¡ïŒããã¯ãåã®å人çãªå¹žãããïŒ ãããå«ã¯ãã«æããããã€ãïŒ
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒãŸããŸããã»ãã§ããã®ã¢ã³ã¯ã¯ããä»ã«ãèšããŠãããïŒ
ããžã¡ïŒããããã£ã³ã©ã³ããšã忬§ã£ãŠãã©ã³ãã³ã°é«ããã©ãèªæ®ºçãšããå¿ã®ç æ°ã®è¬äœ¿ããŠã人ã®å²åããçµæ§é«ããããããã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒããã£ïŒïŒ ã»ããªããã¯ããã®äžã®æ¹ã§ãããŒããæé«ã®äººçããŒïŒãèšããšããªãããå å¿ãã£ã¡ãç ãã§ãã£ãŠããšãïŒ
ããžã¡ïŒãããŸã§æ¥µç«¯ãã¯åããããã©ãæ°åã ãããèŠããžãéšåããããã¡ããããã£ãŠããšããªã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒç¢ºãã«ãã¯ã·ããŠãæºå¡é»è»ã§ãäººçææªãâŠ0段ç®ãâŠãæããŠãŠããå®¶ã«åž°ã£ãŠããŒã«é£²ãã ãããã£ã±10段ç®ãïŒãã£ãŠãªããããªã
ããžã¡ïŒãåã®äººçãã¯ããã®æéæ¿ãããããïŒ ãšã¬ããŒã¿ãŒãïŒ
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒã»ãã§ãæ¥æ¬ã¯ã©ãªããããïŒ ã©ã³ãã³ã°äœãã£ãŠèããã©ã
ããžã¡ïŒãŸããäœãããªãã§ãããããæž¬ãæ¹æ¬¡ç¬¬ã¡ããããã£ãŠè©±ããæ¥æ¬äººã¯ããŸããŸãã§ãããã£ãŠæ§ããã«èšãããããããã¯ããã®ãŠã£ãºãç®æããããåšããšä»²è¯ãããæ¹ã幞ããã£ãŠæã人ãããããããªã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒãããåã®å¿ããªïŒ åããããŒãã¿ããªã§éã€ã€ãã®ã幞ãããããªã
ããžã¡ïŒãããïŒ ã ãããäžçã©ã³ãã³ã°ããããã©ããããŸãéµåã¿ã«ããæ¹ããããã¡ããããã£ã¡ã ãŒè©±ãã
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒãªãã»ã©ãªãŒãçµå±ã幞ããã©ããã¯ãèªå次第ãã£ã¡ã ãŒããšããªïŒ
ããžã¡ïŒãŸãããããããã£ã¡ãããããŸãã©ã³ãã³ã°ã«æ¯ãåããããšããªïŒ
ã¹ã¹ã ïŒãã£ããïŒ ã»ããªãã¯ã·ãä»ããèªåã®å¹žãèŠã€ãã«è¡ã£ãŠãããïŒ ãŸãã¯âŠããã³ã³å±ã®ã¯ãããïŒ
ããžã¡ïŒãã£ã¡ã®ã¯ããããïŒ ãããããã«ããïŒ ãããããïŒ
ïŒäºäººã瀌ãããŠéå ŽïŒ
è£è¶³12ïŒäžäººããªããã³ãã幞çŠåºŠã枬ã£ãŠã¿ããã©âŠã
ïŒãã³èžäººããã€ã¯ã®åã«ç«ã€ïŒ
ã©ãŒããŒïŒ äžçã®å¹žçŠã«ã€ããŠèããããŠãèªåã®å¹žçŠãèŠå€±ããã¡ãªç·ãããã§ãïŒ ãé¡ãããŸãïŒ
ãããŒãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã£ãŠãããŸããããããã£ã³ã©ã³ãã1äœã®ãã€ãããèŠãŠããããæããã§ãããã俺ã®å¹žçŠåºŠã£ãŠãä»ãäœç¹ããããªãããïŒãã£ãŠã
ã§ã調ã¹ãŠã¿ããããã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã£ãŠãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒããããã¯ããã®è³ªåã§æ±ºããŠãããããã§ãããã人çã®ã¯ãããä»äœæ®µç®ïŒãã£ãŠãã€ã
ãã£ãããä¿ºãæž¬ã£ããã§ïŒ æã£ãŠãæ³åããŸããããã¯ãããã
ïŒç®ãéããŠæ³åããããªïŒ
ïŒãææªã§ãïŒïŒãæé«âŠ ããŒãã俺ã®äººçâŠ
ãŸããå¥åº·ïŒ ãŸããŸãããªãæè¿ã¡ãã£ãšè
°çããã©âŠ ïŒæ®µç®ããããïŒ
次ãä»äºïŒ ãŸãã奜ãã§ãã£ãŠããã©ã絊æã¯âŠããŒããïŒæ®µç®ãïŒ ãããïŒæ®µç®ãâŠïŒ
ïŒã©ãã©ã衚æ
ãæãïŒ
æ¬¡ãææïŒ âŠâŠâŠã¯ãããã©ãè¡ã£ãïŒïŒ èŠããžãïŒ ïŒæ®µç®ããäžãå°é¢æã£ãŠãããŠãïŒ ãã€ãã¹ïŒæ®µïŒ
âŠã£ãŠãã¢ã«ã³ã¢ã«ã³ïŒ ãããªããã幞çŠåºŠã©ãåºããªããïŒ
ããåŸ
ãŠãïŒ ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ããã£ãŠåŠè
ãèšããŠããªããã®ã¯ãã質åãéãšãå°äœãšãããã£ã¡ç³»ã®æºè¶³åºŠã枬ã£ãŠããã¡ãããã£ãŠã
ããïŒ ä¿ºã®ã»ããŸã®å¹žãã¯ããã¡ããïŒ
äŸãã°ã仿¥ãã³ã³ããã§èãŸãè²·ã£ããããã£ã¡ããã«ãã«ãã£ãïŒ ããã幞çŠåºŠïŒããïŒ
åž°ãéãéè¯ç«ãã¹ãªã¹ãªããŠãããïŒ ããã¯ïŒãïŒ ãããïŒïŒãïŒ
å®¶ã«åž°ã£ãŠãé²ç»ããšããæ·±å€ã¢ãã¡èŠãããç¥åãã£ãïŒ ãããïŒïŒè¶
ããŠãïŒ æ¯ãåã£ãŠãïŒ ã¯ãããçªãæããŠå®å®ãŸã§è¡ã£ãŠãããïŒ
âŠã£ãŠããããªãã§ãããããïŒ
ã§ããªãçµå±ããããããšãªããããããã®ã§ããã
ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®æ°åãå
šãŠã¡ããã忬§ã®äººãã»ããŸã«å
šå¡å¹žããªããåãããããæ¥æ¬ãäœãããã£ãŠäžå¹žãªããã§ããªãã
ãã®ãBlanchflowerããïŒ ãã©ã€ã¢ã³ã»ã¡ã€ããïŒ ã¡ããããçµæžåŠè
ã®äººãèšããŠããææ
ã®æ¹ã倧äºãã£ãŠã
æšæ¥ç¬ã£ããïŒ æ¥œããã£ããïŒ ã£ãŠãã€ã
ããïŒ ããããã¯ä¿ºããç¬é幞çŠåºŠã¡ãŒã¿ãŒãéçºãããïŒ
çŸå³ãããé£ã£ããããã³ãŒã³ïŒïŒïŒããããŒïŒã
æºå¡é»è»ä¹ã£ããããããŒïŒïŒïŒã¹ãã¬ã¹ïŒã
ã§ãäžæ¥ã®çµããã«åèšç¹ã§ç«¶ãïŒ
ã仿¥ã®ä¿ºã®å¹žçŠåºŠãïŒïŒïŒããããŒïŒ äžçèšé²æŽæ°ïŒã
âŠã£ãŠãäœèšããã©ããïŒ æž¬ãããšã«ç²ããšãããªããïŒ
ãããããïŒ å¹žçŠåºŠãªããŠæž¬ããã§ããïŒ æãããããïŒ
ããããšãããããŸãããŒïŒ
ïŒæ·±ã
ãšãèŸåïŒ
è£è¶³13ïŒå€§åå©ããããªäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯å«ã ïŒã
ãé¡ïŒãããªäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ã¯å«ã ïŒ ã©ããªã®ïŒ
åçäŸïŒ
- æž¬å®æ¹æ³ããæãåžå£ããã¹ã ãŒãºã«åºããããã©ãããã ãã§æ±ºãŸãã (âäžå¹Žäœè¿·åœç¶åº)
- ã©ã³ãã³ã°äžäœåœãžã®ç§»äœã矩åä»ããããã
- æäžäœã®åœã¯ã眰ã²ãŒã ãšããŠåœæããèã®å ãã«å€æŽãããããã
- ã¹ãã³ãµãŒãããã補è¬ãã§ãã©ã³ãã³ã°äžäœã®åœã»ã©è¬ã®è¬ã®æ¶è²»éãå€ãã
- 幞çŠåºŠãäžããããã«ãåœæ°å šå¡ã«åžžã«ç¬é¡ã§ããããšãæ³åŸã§çŸ©åä»ããããŠãããïŒéåãããšå¹žçŠåºŠãã€ã³ãæžç¹ïŒ
- ãã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒããããªããŠãã«ã³ããªãŒãã¢ã ã»ã©ããŒãã§ãé£ã¹ãææ°ã§é äœã決ãŸãã
- ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ãæ¯å¹ŽïŒäœã«ãªãããã«æäœãããŠããã
- çºè¡šãããã©ã³ãã³ã°ããæ¯å¹Žãµã€ã³ãã®ç®ã§æ±ºãŸãã
- 枬å®å¡ãå šå¡ããã®ãããäžå¹žãããªé¡ãããŠããã
- ã©ã³ãã³ã°ã®çµæãè¯ããããšãæ ¢å¿ããŠããããšèŠãªãããéã«ããã«ãã£ãåããã
- 幞çŠåºŠãäžããã¢ã€ãã ïŒèª²éå¶ïŒãããã
- åœæ°ã®å¹³åäœéãšåæ¯äŸããŠé äœã決ãŸããïŒãã€ãšãã倧åœãäžäœã«ïŒ
- 枬å®ãããžã£ã³ã±ã³ã§æž¬å®å¡ã«åãŠãåœæ°ã®å²åãã§æ±ºãŸãã
座åžå£äžæïŒ ( ÂŽâïœ)ã€â¡
è£è¶³14ïŒSFã·ã§ãŒãã·ã§ãŒããå¹žçŠæž¬å®ç€ŸäŒã
西æŠ2077幎ãäžçã¯çµ±äžæ¿åºãã°ããŒãã«ã»ããŒã¢ããŒãã«ãã£ãŠçµ±æ²»ããã人ã ã¯æéŠã«åã蟌ãŸããããŠã§ã«ããŒã€ã³ã°ã»ã¢ãã¿ãŒãã«ãã£ãŠåžžã«å¹žçŠåºŠã枬å®ãããŠããããã®ã¢ãã¿ãŒã¯ãè³æ³¢ãå¿ææ°ãã¹ãã¬ã¹ãã«ã¢ã³ãæãŠã¯SNSã®æçš¿å 容ã賌買履æŽãŸã§åæãããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã§å人ã®ã䞻芳ç幞çŠåºŠã¹ã³ã¢ïŒSHSïŒããç®åºããã
æ¿åºã®æéèŠæ¿çã¯ãå šäººé¡ã®å¹³åSHSãæå€§åããããšããã®éæåºŠã¯æ¯å¹Žãäžççµ±å幞çŠåºŠã¬ããŒãïŒWUHRïŒããšããŠçºè¡šãããåå°åã»ã¯ã¿ãŒã®è¡æ¿å®ã®è©äŸ¡ã«çŽçµããã
äž»äººå ¬ã®ã¢ãã©ã¯ãã»ã¯ã¿ãŒã»ããªãã§ãŠãã«äœãå¹³å¡ãªäŒç€Ÿå¡ãåœŒã®æéŠã®ã¢ãã¿ãŒã¯ãå®å®ããŠ70ïœ80ç¹ã®SHSã瀺ããŠãããé«ããäœãããªããå¹³åçãªã¹ã³ã¢ã ããããã圌ã¯åžžã«æŒ ç¶ãšããæ¯èŠãããæããŠããã
ããæ¥ãã¢ãã©ã¯å€ãæç®ââã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ãšãã21äžçŽã®åŠè ãæžãããšãããããŒã¿ââãçºèŠãããããã«ã¯ããã€ãŠãäžç幞çŠåºŠã©ã³ãã³ã°ããšããåå§çãªææšããããããããã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒããšããåçŽãªè³ªåã«äŸåããå€ãã®åé¡ãæ±ããŠããããšãèšãããŠãããã幞çŠã¯åäžã®ææšã§æž¬ãããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ãããããã¡ãã£ã¢ã誀解ãå©é·ããã⊠ãŸãã§çŸä»£ã®WUHRãšãŠã§ã«ããŒã€ã³ã°ã»ã¢ãã¿ãŒãžã®æ¹å€ã®ããã ã
ããŸããâŠãã¢ãã©ã¯èªåã®ã¢ãã¿ãŒãèŠãããã®å®ç§ã«èŠããã·ã¹ãã ããŸããäœããã®ããã€ã¢ã¹ããæã£ãŠããã®ã§ã¯ãªããïŒ æ¿åºãå®çŸ©ããã幞çŠãã«ã人ã ã¯ç¡æèã®ãã¡ã«èªåãåãããŠããã ãã§ã¯ãªãã®ãïŒ
ã¢ãã©ã¯æ±ºæãããã¢ãã¿ãŒã®ç£èŠãæ»ãæœããã·ã¹ãã ãæšå¥šããªããéå¹çãã§ãéåççããªè¡åââç®çã®ãªãæ£æ©ãã¢ããã°ãªèªæžãéçç£çãªäŒè©±ââã詊ããŠã¿ãããšã«ããããããšãå¥åŠãªããšãèµ·ãã£ããã¢ãã¿ãŒã®SHSã¯ã¿ãã¿ãäœäžããŠããã®ã«ãã¢ãã©èªèº«ã®å¿ã¯ãä»ãŸã§æããããšã®ãªããããªéããªå è¶³æãšèªç±ã«æºããããŠãã£ãã®ã ã
ããããâŠæ¬åœã®å¹žçŠãªã®ãïŒã
ã¢ãã©ã¯ãã¢ãã¿ãŒã®èµ€ãèŠåã©ã³ããç¹æ» ããã®ãç¡èŠããŠãéšäžããã®ç©ºã«ããã£ãè¹ãèŠäžããŠãããã¹ã³ã¢ã¯æäœã®10ç¹ããããã圌ã®å¿ã¯ãåããŠ100ç¹æºç¹ãæããŠããã
ãã®é ãã°ããŒãã«ã»ããŒã¢ããŒã®äžå€®ç®¡çå±ã§ã¯ãããªãã§ãŠãã§çºçãããç°åžžäœã¹ã³ã¢åäœãã«é¢ããã¢ã©ãŒãã鳎ãé¿ããŠããã管çAIã¯ããã®ããã°ããä¿®æ£ããããã®æé©åããã°ã©ã ã®å®è¡ãéå§ãããã¢ãã©ã®ç¥ããªããšããã§âŠãå¹žçŠæž¬å®ç€ŸäŒã®è¿·å®®ã¯ããŸã åºå£ãèŠã€ããŠããªãã£ãã
ïŒäºïŒ
è£è¶³15ïŒæ±æžèœèªã幞äžå¹žé·å±ïŒãããããµãããããªããïŒã
ïŒéããªãååãåºå®¶ãé«åº§ã«äžãããæåãããã³ãšé³ŽããïŒ
åºå®¶ïŒãžãããç«ã¡äŒãããã€ãè³ã ãããæ¥å ŽãããããšãããããŸããäžåžãä»ãåããé¡ããŸãã
ãŸãã人æ§ã®å¹žãã£ãŠã®ã¯ãé£ã®èçãéãèŠãããšç³ããŸãããã©ãã«ãæ°ã«ãªãããã§ããããŸããããããªãã ããã¡ã®é·å±ã®é£äžãéãŸã£ãŠãäœããé£ãã話ãããŠãããŸããã
çããïŒããããå «ã£ã€ãããèãããïŒ ãªãã§ãããäžã®åãåŠè ã®å çãããäžçã®åœã ãæ¯ã¹ãŠãã©ããäžçªå¹žããã£ãŠçªä»ãäœã£ããããããã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒããžããçãããç©ç¥ãã ãããçªä»ïŒ çžæ²ãããããŸããã幞ãã«çªä»ãªããŠã€ããããã®ããïŒã
çããïŒããããããªãã§ãããµããããã©ããšããããåã®æãŠã®å¯ãåœãããã£ãšæšªç¶±ãªãã ããã ãã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒããµããããâŠïŒ ãã£ã³ã©ã³ãå·»ããªãç¥ã£ãŠãããªããããŽããã®ä»£ããã«é®ãå ¥ã£ãŠããã€ã ãã
çããïŒãé£ãç©ã®è©±ãããããïŒ åœã®ååã ãïŒ ãããäžçªå¹žããªãã ãšãã
ãé å± ïŒãã»ããé¢çœã話ãããªãããŠããã®å¹žãã®æž¬ãæ¹ãšããã®ã¯ãã©ãããããããªïŒã
çããïŒããžãããé å± ããªãã§ãã人çã®æ¢¯åããæãæµ®ãã¹ãŠãä»ãèªåãäœæ®µç®ã«ãããšæããããããåæ®µéã§çãããã ããã§ãã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒãã¯ããïŒ ãããããç«æ¶ãã®é£äžãäžçªå¹žãã£ãŠããšã«ãªãããããããïŒ ãã€ãé«ããšããã«ãããããªããã
çããïŒããåãé³¶è·ãšåãããšèšã£ãŠãããïŒ ããããæå³ãããããã ãïŒ å¿æã¡ã ããå¿æã¡ïŒã
ãé å± ïŒããµããã ãã®ããçããããããè¥ãé ã«èªãã æ¬ã«ã¯ããè¶³ããç¥ãè ã¯å¯ãããšæžããŠãã£ããã¯ããã®ãŠã£ãºãã°ããç®æãã®ããæãããŠæ¬åœã®å¹žããã®ãïŒã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒãããããé å± ïŒ ããã§ãããïŒ ãã£ããªãããä»äºçµããã®äžæ¯ãšããããã®æ¡ã£ãŠãããæ¡ã飯ãããã°ãããåæ®µç®ã©ããããã¯ããæ¯ãåã£ãŠãŸããïŒã
çããïŒããåã®ã¯ãããå®ã£ãããªãïŒ ã ãããŸããåãããã§ããããããã«ããã®åŠè å çã®æ¬ã«ã¯ããããæžããŠãã£ãããã®ããµããããããšãããåœã幞ãçªä»ã¯é«ãããã©ãããå¿ãç ã人ãå°ãªãããããããã£ãŠãªãã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒããžãïŒ ãããåŠãªè©±ã ãããçªä»ãé«ããããã¿ããªãã³ãã³ããŠããããããã®ããïŒã
ãé å± ïŒãããã幞ããšããã®ã¯ãééãäžéã®è©å€ã ãã§ã¯æž¬ãããè€éãªãã®ããããã®ãã衚åãã¯è±ãã«èŠããŠãã人ç¥ãã¬æ©ã¿ã®äžã€ãäºã€ã誰ã§ãæ±ããŠãããããããçªä»ãªããã話ååã«èããŠããã®ããããããã
çããïŒããªãã»ã©ããããããããã®æ±æžã®é·å±ã¯ã幞ãçªä»ã§èšã£ãããã©ã®ããããªãã§ããããïŒã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒããããããéã¯ããããå§å©ã¯ããã£ã¡ã ãã ãããäžã®èšãããšã¯ã³ãã³ãå€ããã⊠çªä»ã§èšã£ãããäžããæ°ããæ¹ãæ©ããããªããã
çããïŒããããããå «ã£ã€ãããæ¯æ°ã®æªãããšèšããªããã
ãé å± ïŒããŸãåŸ ãŠã確ãã«æ®ããã¯æ¥œã§ã¯ãªããããããããé£è¿æã®å©ãåãããããå°ã£ããšãã«ã¯ããäºãæ§ããããšèšãã人æ ããããåäŸãã¡ã®ç¬ã声ãçµ¶ããªããããã¯ãééã§ã¯è²·ãã幞ããããšæãããã©ããããªïŒã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒããžãâŠèšãããŠã¿ãããããã§ãããããæšæ¥ãããã¡ã®ããããç±åºããæãé£ã®ãã«ãããããç²¥äœã£ãŠãããã£ããã
çããïŒãããã俺ãæããå®¶è³æããªããŠå°ã£ãŠããã倧家ãããå°ãåŸ ã£ãŠããããã
ãé å± ïŒãããããããïŒ ã¯ããã®é«ãã°ããæ°ã«ãããããè¶³å ã«ããå°ããªå¹žãã倧åã«ããããããããã®é·å±ã®çãæ¹ãããçªä»ãªããæ°ã«ãããšãããããã¯çµæ§ã幞ããªã®ãããããããã
å «ã£ã€ããïŒçããïŒããžãããªãã»ã©ïŒã
åºå®¶ïŒãŠãªå ·åã§ãé·å±ã®é£äžãåŠã«çŽåŸããŠè§£æ£ããããã§ããããŸãã幞ãã®ç©å·®ãã¯äººãããããçªä»ã«äžåäžæããã仿¥äžæ¥ã倧åã«éããã®ããã©ãããäžçªã®ããã§ããããŸããªããããšãããããããã§ã
ïŒãèŸåããŠãéããªãååãšãšãã«äžããïŒ
è£è¶³16ïŒè±èªåŠç¿è ã®ããã®åèªåž³
ãã®èšäºãé¢é£æç®ã§äœ¿ãããŠããè±åèªãããã€ãããã¯ã¢ããããŸããã
- Critique
-
æå³: æ¹å€ãæ¹è©ãè©è«
çºé³: /krɪËtiËk/ (ã¯ãªãã£ãŒã¯)
çšäŸ: Yascha Mounk offered a sharp critique of the World Happiness Report.
(ã€ã·ã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¯ã¯äžç幞çŠåºŠã¬ããŒãã«å¯Ÿããéãæ¹å€ãå±éããã)
é¡èª: criticism, analysis, review, assessment - Sham
-
æå³: ã€ã³ãããèŠããããåœç©
çºé³: /ÊÊm/ (ã·ã£ã )
çšäŸ: He argued that the ranking is a complete sham.
(圌ã¯ãã®ã©ã³ãã³ã°ãå®å šãªã€ã³ããã ãšäž»åŒµããã)
é¡èª: fake, fraud, pretense, counterfeit - Methodology
-
æå³: æ¹æ³è«ãæé
çºé³: /ËmeΞÉËdÉlÉdÊi/ (ã¡ãœãããžãŒ)
çšäŸ: The core of the critique lies in the report's methodology.
(æ¹å€ã®æ žå¿ã¯å ±åæžã®æ¹æ³è«ã«ããã)
é¡èª: method, approach, procedure, technique - Cantril Ladder
-
æå³: ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒïŒåºæåè©ïŒ
çºé³: /ËkÊntrɪl ËlÊdÉr/ (ã«ã³ããªã« ã©ããŒ)
çšäŸ: The World Happiness Report heavily relies on the Cantril Ladder question.
(äžç幞çŠåºŠã¬ããŒãã¯ã«ã³ããªã«ã»ã©ããŒã®è³ªåã«å€§ããäŸåããŠããã)
é¡èª: (N/A - specific term) - Life Satisfaction
-
æå³: çæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠ
çºé³: /laɪf ËsÊtɪsËfÊkÊn/ (ã©ã€ã ãµãã£ã¹ãã¡ã¯ã·ã§ã³)
çšäŸ: The ladder question measures life satisfaction rather than emotional happiness.
(ã¯ãã質åã¯ææ çãªå¹žçŠãããçæŽ»æºè¶³åºŠã枬å®ããã)
é¡èª: contentment, well-being (evaluative), fulfillment - Paradox
-
æå³: é説ãççŸ
çºé³: /ËpÊrÉdÉks/ (ãã©ããã¯ã¹)
çšäŸ: There seems to be a paradox between the high rankings of Nordic countries and their mental health statistics.
(忬§è«žåœã®é«ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ãšç²Ÿç¥è¡ççµ±èšã®éã«ã¯ççŸãããããã«æãããã)
é¡èª: contradiction, inconsistency, anomaly, puzzle - Bias
-
æå³: åèŠãåãããã€ã¢ã¹
çºé³: /ËbaɪÉs/ (ãã€ã¢ã¹)
çšäŸ: Critics point to a potential cultural bias in the survey questions.
(æ¹è©å®¶ã¯èª¿æ»è³ªåã«ãããæœåšçãªæåçãã€ã¢ã¹ãææããŠããã)
é¡èª: prejudice, partiality, slant, predisposition - Alternative
-
æå³: 代ããã®ã代æ¿ã®ãä»£æ¿æ¡
çºé³: /ÉËlËtÉËnÉtɪv/ (ãªã«ã¿ãŒããã£ãŽ)
çšäŸ: Blanchflower and Bryson proposed alternative measures of well-being.
(ãã©ã³ãã§ãã©ã¯ãŒãšãã©ã€ãœã³ã¯å¹žçŠåºŠã®ä»£æ¿çãªæž¬å®æ³ãææ¡ããã)
é¡èª: different, substitute, replacement, option - Uncritical
-
æå³: ç¡æ¹å€ãªãéµåã¿ã«ãã
çºé³: /ÊnËkrɪtɪkl/ (ã¢ã³ã¯ãªãã£ã«ã«)
çšäŸ: Many media outlets reported the rankings in an uncritical manner.
(å€ãã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ãã©ã³ãã³ã°ãç¡æ¹å€ã«å ±ããã)
é¡èª: accepting, unquestioning, superficial, naive - Misinformation
-
æå³: èª€å ±ã誀ã£ãæ
å ±
çºé³: /ËmɪsɪnfÉËmeɪÊn/ (ãã¹ã€ã³ãã©ã¡ãŒã·ã§ã³)
çšäŸ: Mounk warned against "elite misinformation" spreading through the media.
(ã¢ã³ã¯ã¯ã¡ãã£ã¢ãéããŠåºãŸãããšãªãŒãã®èª€æ å ±ãã«å¯ŸããŠèŠåããã)
é¡èª: disinformation (often intentional), falsehood, inaccuracy, propaganda
ã³ã¡ã³ã
ã³ã¡ã³ããæçš¿