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- çµæžçå©çïŒ ãã€ãç£æ¥çã«ãšã£ãŠããã·ã¢ã¯å®äŸ¡ãªãšãã«ã®ãŒäŸçµŠæºã§ãããéèŠãªåžå Žã§ããããã«ãã»ã¹ããªãŒã 2ã¯ããã®çµæžçå©çã確ä¿ããåŽé¢ã匷ãã£ããšèšããŸãã
- æé皌ãïŒïŒ ã¡ã«ã±ã«æ°èªèº«ãåŸã«ããã³ã¹ã¯åå®ã¯ãŠã¯ã©ã€ããè»äºçã«åŒ·ããªãããã®ãæé皌ããã ã£ãããšã瀺åããçºèšãããŠããŸã (Angela Merkel defends record on Ukraine and says she does not blame herself, The Guardian)ããããçæã ã£ãã®ããåŸä»ãã®èª¬æãªã®ãã¯è°è«ããããŸãããçµæçã«ãŠã¯ã©ã€ããé²è¡äœå¶ãæŽããæéãäžããåŽé¢ã¯ãããããããŸããã
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- ã¡ã«ã±ã«ã®å ŽåïŒ ãã³ã¹ã¯åå®åŸã®æéã§ãŠã¯ã©ã€ãè»ã¯åŒ·åãããŸãããããã·ã¢ãè»åå¢åŒ·ããã€ããªããæŠã®æºåãé²ããŠãããšèããããŸãããŸãããã«ãã»ã¹ããªãŒã 2ãªã©ã®çµæžççµã³ã€ããããã·ã¢ãžã®ææ¢åã匱ãããšããæ¹å€ã¯æ ¹åŒ·ãã§ããNew Statesmanèªã¯ãã¡ã«ã±ã«æ°ã®ãæé皌ããè«ã¯èªå·±æ£åœåã§ããããŠã¯ã©ã€ããžã®è»äºæ¯æŽãäžè¶³ããŠãããšæ¹å€ããŠããŸã (Angela Merkelâs self-justification on Russia does not add up, New Statesman)ã
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ãããã®èšäºãRedditã®r/historyãr/geopoliticsããããã¯Hacker Newsã®ãããªæµ·å€ã®è°è«å¥œããªãã©ãŒã©ã ã«æçš¿ãããããã©ã®ãããªã³ã¡ã³ããå¯ããããã§ããããïŒ ãããŠãããã«å¯ŸããŠçè ãªãã©ãåè«ããã§ããããïŒ ã¡ãã£ãšã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ããŠã¿ãŸãããïŒ
äºæž¬ãããã³ã¡ã³ã (Reddit/Hacker News颚):
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Commenter A (Skeptic): "Come on, comparing Merkel to Chamberlain is lazy historical analysis. The context is completely different. Hitler was an ideologue bent on conquest, Putin is more of a cynical opportunist. Plus, Merkel operated within the EU/NATO framework, Chamberlain didn't have that. Apples and oranges. ðð"
ïŒèš³ïŒãããããã¡ã«ã±ã«ãšãã§ã³ãã¬ã³ãæ¯ã¹ããªããŠå®çŽãªæŽå²åæã ããæèãå šç¶éããããã©ãŒã¯åŸæã«åãæãããã€ããªããŒã°ã§ãããŒãã³ã¯ãã£ãšå·ç¬çãªæ¥åèŠäž»çŸ©è ã ãããã«ã¡ã«ã±ã«ã¯EU/NATOã®æ çµã¿ã§åãããã©ããã§ã³ãã¬ã³ã«ã¯ããããªãã£ãããªã³ãŽãšãªã¬ã³ãžã ããïŒ -
Commenter B (Pro-Comparison): "I disagree. The *pattern* is similar: underestimating a dictator, prioritizing economic ties/short-term peace over long-term security, and ultimately enabling aggression. Merkel's Nord Stream 2 gamble was pure appeasement, driven by German industrial interests. History doesn't repeat, but it rhymes. ð€·ââïž"
ïŒèš³ïŒå察ã ãªã *ãã¿ãŒã³* ã䌌ãŠããã ãïŒç¬è£è ãéå°è©äŸ¡ããé·æçãªå®å šä¿éããçµæžççµã³ã€ããçæçãªå¹³åãåªå ããæçµçã«äŸµç¥ãå¯èœã«ããŠããŸããã¡ã«ã±ã«ã®ãã«ãã¹ããªãŒã 2ã®è³ãã¯ããã€ãç£æ¥çã®å©çã«çªãåããããçŽç²ãªå®¥åã ã£ããæŽå²ã¯ç¹°ãè¿ããªãããé»ãèžãã®ããïŒ -
Commenter C (Nuance Seeker): "Both sides have a point. The comparison isn't perfect, but it's useful for highlighting the *dilemmas* leaders face when dealing with aggressive powers. Merkel wasn't Chamberlain, but did her policies inadvertently create vulnerabilities? That's the real question. We need less black-and-white thinking. â«âª"
ïŒèš³ïŒã©ã£ã¡ã®èšãåãäžçãããæ¯èŒã¯å®ç§ãããªããã©ãæ»æçãªå€§åœãšå¯Ÿå³ããéã«ãªãŒããŒãçŽé¢ãã *ãžã¬ã³ã* ãæµ®ã圫ãã«ããã«ã¯æçšã ãã¡ã«ã±ã«ã¯ãã§ã³ãã¬ã³ã§ã¯ãªãã£ãããåœŒå¥³ã®æ¿çãæå³ããè匱æ§ãçã¿åºããã®ãïŒ ãããæ¬åœã®åãã ãçœé»æèã¯æžããå¿ èŠãããããïŒ -
Commenter D (Whataboutism): "Why focus on Merkel? What about US/NATO expansion pushing Russia into a corner? Or French presidents also cozying up to Putin? It's easy to blame Merkel in hindsight. Focus on the bigger picture! ð"
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- 察Commenter A (Skeptic): ããææã®éããæŽå²çæèã®éãã¯æ¥µããŠéèŠã§ããããã®èšäºã§ããã®ç¹ã匷調ããŠããŸãããªã³ãŽãšãªã¬ã³ãžãçŽæ¥æ¯ã¹ãã®ã§ã¯ãªããã屿©ã«çŽé¢ãããªãŒããŒã®æææ±ºå®ããã»ã¹ãããçµæžçèŠå ãšå®å šä¿éã®ãã¬ãŒããªãããšãã£ãç¹å®ã®åæè»žã«ãããŠãäž¡è ããåŠã³ããå ±éã®ãã¿ãŒã³ãæèšãæ¢ãããšãç®çã§ããéããèªèããäžã§æ¯èŒããããšã«æçŸ©ããããšèããŸããã
- 察Commenter B (Pro-Comparison): ããã¿ãŒã³ããé»ãèžãããšããç¹ã¯è峿·±ãèŠç¹ã§ããç¹ã«ãæå°è ã®æå³ã®èª€ç®ãçæçãªå©çã®åªå ãæãæå³ãããçµæããšããåŽé¢ã¯ç¡èŠã§ããŸããããã ãããçŽç²ãªå®¥åããšæå®ããã«ã¯ãã¡ã«ã±ã«æ°ã®çœ®ãããEUå ã®è€éãªååŠããåœæã®ä»ã®éžæè¢ã®çŸå®æ§ãªã©ãèæ ®ããå¿ èŠãããã§ããããã
- 察Commenter C (Nuance Seeker): ããŸãã«ãã®éãã§ããã®èšäºãç®æããŠããã®ããçœé»ã€ããããªãè€éãªçŸå®ãšãžã¬ã³ããæããã«ããããšã§ãããæ¯èŒãã¯çµè«ã§ã¯ãªããæèãæ·±ããããã®ãããŒã«ããšããŠçšããŠããŸããã¡ã«ã±ã«æ°ã®æ¿çããæå³ããè匱æ§ãçã¿åºãããããšããåããããä»åŸãæ€èšŒãããã¹ãéèŠãªè«ç¹ã§ãããã
- 察Commenter D (Whataboutism): ãNATOæ¡å€§ãä»ã®æ¬§å·è«žåœã®å¯Ÿãã·ã¢æ¿çãªã©ãããåºãæèãååšããããšã¯æ¿ç¥ããŠããŸãããããããéèŠãªèŠå ã§ãããããããã®èšäºã§ã¯ãããŠãã¡ã«ã±ã«ãšãã§ã³ãã¬ã³ã®æ¯èŒããšããç¹å®ã®ã¬ã³ãºãéããŠåé¡ãåæããŠããŸããããã¯ä»ã®èŠå ãç¡èŠããããã§ã¯ãªãããã®æ¯èŒããç¹æã®æŽå¯ãåŒãåºãããã§ããä»ã®èŠå ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããŸãå¥ã®æ©äŒã«æ·±ãæãäžããã¹ãã§ããããã
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- The Washington Post: Merkel Will Enter History as the Neville Chamberlain of Our Time
- The Trumpet: Is Angela Merkel Germany's Chamberlain?
- New Statesman: Angela Merkelâs self-justification on Russia does not add up
- The Guardian: Angela Merkel says she lost influence over Putin as a lame duck leader
- DER SPIEGEL: Angela Merkel's Memoirs: An Interview with the Former Chancellor
- DER SPIEGEL: A Year with Angela Merkel: "You're Done with Power Politics"
- De Correspondent: In dit fascinerende interview vergelijkt Angela Merkel zichzelf met Neville Chamberlain
- The Guardian: Angela Merkel defends record on Ukraine and says she does not blame herself
- (è£è¶³) Wikipedia: ãŽã§ã«ãµã€ãŠæ¡çŽ
- (è£è¶³) Wikipedia: 欧å·é£åïŒEUïŒ
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åçè ïŒçè ïŒ: ããææããããšãããããŸãã確ãã«ãçŸå®äž»çŸ©ããšããèšèã§äžæ¬ãã«ããã®ã¯åçŽåããããå±éºããããŸããããã£ãããéããäž¡è ã®ãçŸå®ãèªèãšãã®åºç€ïŒåžåœäž»çŸ© vs ã°ããŒãã«åãäºåœé vs å€åœéïŒã¯å€§ããç°ãªããŸããæ¬å ±åã§ã¯ãã€ããªãã®ãŒãçæ³è«ããããç®ã®åã®ç¶æ³ïŒè»äºåãçµæžãäžè«ãªã©ïŒãéèŠããå©çšå¯èœãªéžæè¢ã®äžããå®å©çãªè§£æ±ºçãæš¡çŽ¢ããããšãããå§¿å¢ãã«ãããŠé¡äŒŒæ§ãèŠãããããšããç¹ãææããã«çããŸããããã®ãçŸå®äž»çŸ©ãã®å å®ãèæ¯ã«ããææ³ã®éãã«ã€ããŠã¯ãä»åŸã®ç ç©¶ã§ããã«æ·±æããã¹ãéèŠãªè«ç¹ã ãšèããŸããã
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åçè ïŒçè ïŒ: ãéãã質åãããããšãããããŸãããŸãã«ãã®ç¹ããã¡ã«ã±ã«æ°ã®æå³ãè§£éããäžã§ã®æ žå¿çãªé£ããã§ããçŸæç¹ã§ã亀æžåœæã«æç¢ºã«ãæé皌ãããæå³ããŠãããšãã客芳çãªèšŒæ ïŒäŸãã°å éšææžãªã©ïŒã¯å ¬éãããŠããŸããããããã£ãŠããææã®éããçŽäºã®ãåçµãã«ããå®å®åïŒãããã¯æªåã®é²æ¢ïŒãäž»ç®çã§ããããæé皌ããã¯åŸä»ãã®èª¬æããããã¯æå³ããã坿¬¡ç广ã§ãã£ãå¯èœæ§ã¯ååã«ãããŸããæ¬å ±åã§ã¯ãã¡ã«ã±ã«æ°èªèº«ã®çºèšã玹ä»ãã€ã€ãããã®è§£éã«ã¯çä¿ãå¿ èŠã§ããããšããç«å Žãåã£ãŠããŸããä»åŸã®æ å ±å ¬éãé¢ä¿è ã®èšŒèšã«ãã£ãŠãããæç¢ºã«ãªãããšãæåŸ ããŠããŸããã
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宥åïŒãŸããŸããããã§âŠïŒãè¯ããã察決ïŒãããŸãããïŒïŒãè¯ãããæãšå Žåã«ãããã§ãããããèŠæ¥µããèå¿ããããäžçªé£ããã
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ãã®èšäºã§äœ¿ãããè±èªã®çšèªããé¢é£ãã衚çŸãããã€ãããã¯ã¢ããããŠè§£èª¬ããŸãã
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Appeasement
- çºé³: /ÉËpiËzmÉnt/ (ã¢ããŒãºã¡ã³ã)
- æå³: 宥åãè²æ© (ç¹ã«ãæŠäºãé¿ããããã«äŸµç¥åœã®èŠæ±ãåãå ¥ããããš)
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): Chamberlain's policy is widely known as Appeasement. (ãã§ã³ãã¬ã³ã®æ¿çã¯å®¥åæ¿çãšããŠåºãç¥ãããŠããŸãã)
- é¡èª: conciliation (ææ), pacification (é®éå), concession (è²æ©), placation (ãªã ããããš)
- 泚æç¹: æŽå²çãªæèãç¹ã«ãã§ã³ãã¬ã³ã®æ¿çã«é¢é£ããŠäœ¿ãããããšãå€ãããã°ãã°åŠå®çãªãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ãå«ã¿ãŸãã
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Leadership
- çºé³: /ËliËdÉrÊɪp/ (ãªãŒããŒã·ãã)
- æå³: æå°åãçµ±çåãæå°è ã®å°äœã»ä»»å
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): Both Merkel and Chamberlain demonstrated strong leadership during international crises. (ã¡ã«ã±ã«ããã§ã³ãã¬ã³ããåœé屿©ã®éã«ã¯åŒ·ãæå°åãçºæ®ããŸããã)
- é¡èª: guidance (æå°), direction (ææ®), control (çµ±å¶), management (管ç)
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Policy
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- æå³: æ¿çãæ¹éãæ¹çãä¿éºèšŒåž
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): Merkel's Russia policy has been re-evaluated after the invasion of Ukraine. (ã¡ã«ã±ã«ã®ãã·ã¢æ¿çã¯ããŠã¯ã©ã€ã䟵æ»åŸã«åè©äŸ¡ãããŠããŸãã)
- é¡èª: strategy (æŠç¥), approach (åãçµã¿æ¹), plan (èšç»), guidelines (æé)
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Negotiation
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- æå³: 亀æžãåè°ã話ãåã
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): Chamberlain believed in direct negotiation with Hitler. (ãã§ã³ãã¬ã³ã¯ããã©ãŒãšã®çŽæ¥äº€æžãä¿¡ããŠããŸããã)
- é¡èª: bargaining (亀æžãé§ãåŒã), discussion (èšè°), talks (äŒè«), diplomacy (å€äº€)
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Crisis (è€æ°åœ¢: crises)
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- æå³: 屿©ãé£å±ãé倧å±é¢
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): Both leaders had to manage a major international crisis. (äž¡æå°è ã¯é倧ãªåœéç屿©ã管çããªããã°ãªããŸããã§ããã)
- é¡èª: emergency (ç·æ¥äºæ ), disaster (çœå®³), catastrophe (倧æšäº), predicament (èŠå¢)
-
Pragmatic
- çºé³: /prÊɡËmÊtɪk/ (ãã©ã°ããã£ãã¯)
- æå³: å®çšçãªãå®éçãªãå®å©ç㪠(çè«ãçæ³ãããçŸå®ã«å³ãã)
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): Merkel was known for her pragmatic approach to problem-solving. (ã¡ã«ã±ã«ã¯åé¡è§£æ±ºã«å¯Ÿããå®åçãªã¢ãããŒãã§ç¥ãããŠããŸããã)
- é¡èª: practical (å®è·µçãª), realistic (çŸå®çãª), sensible (åå¥ã®ãã), down-to-earth (çŸå®çãª)
-
Legacy
- çºé³: /ËleÉ¡Ési/ (ã¬ã¬ã·ãŒ)
- æå³: éºç£ (æŽå²çã»æåçãªãã®)ãåãç¶ããããã®ãéå»ã®ç£ç©
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): Chamberlain's historical legacy is largely negative. (ãã§ã³ãã¬ã³ã®æŽå²çãªéºç£ïŒè©äŸ¡ïŒã¯ãäž»ã«åŠå®çãªãã®ã§ãã)
- é¡èª: heritage (éºç£ãäŒçµ±), inheritance (çžç¶è²¡ç£ãåãç¶ãã ãã®), bequest (éºèŽå)
-
Context
- çºé³: /ËkÉntekst/ (ã³ã³ãã¯ã¹ã)
- æå³: æèãèæ¯ãç¶æ³
- çšäŸ (æ¬æäž): It is important to understand the historical context. (æŽå²çãªèæ¯ãçè§£ããããšãéèŠã§ãã)
- é¡èª: background (èæ¯), circumstances (ç¶æ³), situation (ç¶æ³), setting (ç°å¢)
ãããã®åèªã衚çŸãèŠããããšã§ãåœéãã¥ãŒã¹ãæŽå²ã«é¢ããè±æèšäºã®çè§£ãæ·±ãŸãã§ããããé 匵ã£ãŠãã ããïŒð
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8. åèæç®
- The Washington Post: Is Trump repeating one of the worst foreign policy blunders in history?
- The Washington Post: Merkel Will Enter History as the Neville Chamberlain of Our Time
- The Guardian: Angela Merkel says she lost influence over Putin as a lame duck leader
- New Statesman: Angela Merkelâs self-justification on Russia does not add up
- DER SPIEGEL: Merkelâs Russia Policy
- The Trumpet: Is Angela Merkel Germanyâs Chamberlain
- Al Jazeera: Trumpâs 100-day scorecard
- ECFR: Trump and NATO
- NHK: äžæ±åå¹³æ¡
- Hoover Institution: Who Leads The West: Trump Or Merkel?
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